Biomass allocation and nutrient use in fast-growing woody and herbaceous perennials used for phytoremediation

Adegbidi HG, Volk TA, White EH, Abrahamson LP, Briggs RD, Bickelhaupt DH (2001) Biomass and nutrient removal by willow clones in experimental bioenergy plantations in New York State. Biomass Bioenerg 20:399–411 Aerts R (1990) Nutrient use efficiency in evergreen and deciduous species from heathlands. Oecologia 84:391–397 Aerts R (1999) Interspecific competition in natural plant communities: mechanisms, trade-offs and plant–soil feedbacks. J Exp Bot 50:29–37 Aerts R, Chapin FS III (2000) The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited: a re-evaluation of processes and patterns. Adv Ecol Res 30:1–67 Aerts R, De Caluwe H (1994) Nitrogen use efficiency of Carex species in relation to nitrogen supply. Ecology 75:2362–2372 Aronsson P, Perttu K (2001) Willow vegetation filters for wastewater treatment and soil remediation combined with biomass production. For Chron 77:293–299 Asaeda T, Manatunge J, Roberts J, Hai DN (2006) Seasonal dynamics of resource translocation between the aboveground organs and age-specific rhizome segments of Phragmites australis. Environ Exp Bot 57:9–18 Atkin OK, Botman B, Lambers H (1996) The relationship between the relative growth rate and nitrogen economy of alpine and lowland Poa species. Plant Cell Environ 19:1324–1330 Bell AD (1991) Plant form. An illustrated guide to flowering plant morphology. Oxford University Press, Oxford (p 341) Berendse F, Aerts R (1987) Nitrogen use efficiency: a biologically meaningful definition? Funct Ecol 1:293–296 Bertram JE (1989) Size-dependent differential scaling in branches: the mechanical design of trees revisited. Trees 4:241–253 Bollmark L, Sennerby-Forsse L, Ericsson T (1999) Seasonal dynamics and effects of nitrogen supply rate on nitrogen and carbohydrate reserves in cutting derived Salix viminalis plants. Can J For Res 29:85–94 Bridgham SD, Pastor J, McClaugherty CA, Richardson CJ (1995) Nutrient-use efficiency: a litterfall index, a model, and a test along a nutrient-availability gradient in North Carolina peatlands. Am Nat 145:1–21 Chapin FS, Autumn K, Pugnaire F (1993) Evolution of suites of traits in response to environmental stress. Am Nat (Supplement) 142:S78–S92 Clegg LM (1978) Clonal growth and population dynamics. Ph.D. thesis, University of Wales Coleman MD, Dickson RE, Isebrands JG (1998) Growth and physiology of aspen supplied with different fertiliser addition rates. Physiol Plant 103:513–526 De Kroon H, van Groenendael J (1997) The ecology and evolution of clonal plants. Backhuys, Leiden Dimitriou I, Eriksson J, Adler A, Aronsson P, Verwijst T (2006) Fate of heavy metals after application of sewage sludge and wood-ash mixtures to short-rotation willow coppice. Environ Pollut 142:160–169 Eckstein RL (2001) Variation in nitrogen-use efficiency among and within subarctic graminoids and herbs. New Phytol 150:641–651 Eckstein RL, Karlsson PS (1997) Above-ground growth and nutrient use by plants in a subarctic environment: effects of habitat, life-form and species. Oikos 79:311–324 Eckstein RL, Karlsson PS, Weih M (1999) Leaf life span and nutrient resorption as determinants of plant nutrient conservation in temperate–arctic regions. New Phytol 143:177–189 Ellenberg H, Weber HE, Düll R, Wirth V, Werner W, Paulißen D (1991) Zeigerwerte von Pflanzen in Mitteleuropa. Scr Geobot 18:1–248 Ericsson T (1981) Growth and nutrition of three Salix clones in low conductivity solutions. Physiol Plant 52:239–244 Ericsson T (1995) Growth and shoot:root ratio of seedlings in relation to nutrient availability. Plant Soil 168–169:205–214 French CJ, Dickinson NM, Putwain PD (2006) Woody biomass phytoremediation of contaminated brownfield land. Environ Pollut 141:387–395 Grime JP, Hodgson JG (1987) Botanical contributions to contemporary ecological theory. In: Rorison IH, Grime JP, Hunt R, Hendry GAF, Lewis DH (eds) Frontiers of comparative plant ecology. New phytology (supplement). vol. 106. Academic, London, pp 283–296 Harper JL (1977) Population biology of plants. Academic, London (p 892) Harper JL (1989) The value of a leaf. Oecologia 80:53–58 Ingestad T (1979) Nitrogen stress in birch seedlings. N, K, P, Ca, and Mg nutrition. Physiol Plant 45:149–157 Jackson RB, Caldwell MM (1996) Integrating resource heterogeneity and plant plasticity modelling nitrate and phosphate uptake in a patchy soil environment. J Ecol 84:891–903 Karacic A, Weih M (2006) Variation in growth and resource utilisation among eight poplar clones grown under different irrigation and fertilisation regimes in Sweden. Biomass Bioenerg 30:115–124 Karacic A, Verwijst T, Weih M (2003) Above-ground woody biomass production of short rotation Populus plantations on agricultural land in Sweden. Scand J Forest Res 18:427–437 Killingbeck KT (1996) Nutrients in senesced leaves: keys to the search for potential resorption and resorption proficiency. Ecology 77:1716–1727 Kirsten WJ, Hesselius GU (1983) Rapid, automatic, high capacity Dumas determination of nitrogen. Microchem J 28:529–547 Laureysens I, Bogaert J, Blust R, Ceulemans R (2004) Biomass production of 17 poplar clones in a short-rotation coppice culture on a waste disposal site and its relation to soil characteristics. Forest Ecol Manag 187:295–309 Laureysens I, De Temmerman L, Hastir T, van Gysel M, Ceulemans R (2005) Clonal variation in heavy metal accumulation and biomass production in a poplar coppice culture. II. Vertical distribution and phytoextraction potential. Environ Pollut 133:541–551 Liberloo M, Dillen SY, Calfapietra C, Marinari S, Bin Luo Z, De Angelis P, Ceulemans R (2005) Elevated CO2 concentrations, fertilization and their interaction: growth stimulation in a short-rotation poplar coppice (EUROFACE). Tree Physiol 25:179–189 Miller P (1979) Quantitative plant ecology. In: Horn DJ, Stairs GR, Mitchell RD (eds) Analysis of ecological systems. Ohio State University Press, Columbus, pp 179–231 Moffat AJ, Armstrong AT, Ockleston J (2001) The optimisation of sewage sludge and effluent disposal on energy crops of short rotation hybrid poplar. Biomass Bioenerg 20:161–169 Mogie M, Hutchings MJ (1990) Phylogeny, ontogeny and clonal growth in vascular plants. In: van Groenendael JM, de Kroon H (eds) Clonal growth in plants: regulation and function. SPB, The Hague, pp 3–22 Niklas KJ, Cobb ED (2006) Biomass partitioning and leaf N,P-stoichiometry: comparisons between tree and herbaceous current-year shoots. Plant Cell Environ 29:2030–2042 Paoli GD, Curran LM, Zak DR (2005) Phosphorus efficiency of Bornean rain forest productivity: evidence against the unimodal efficiency hypothesis. Ecology 86:1548–1561 Pastor J, Bridgham SD (1999) Nutrient efficiency along nutrient availability gradients. Oecologia 118:50–58 Poorter H, Garnier E (1999) Ecological significance of inherent variation in relative growth rate. In: Pugnaire FI, Valladares F (eds) Handbook of functional plant ecology. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 81–120 Sebastiani L, Scebba F, Tognetti R (2004) Heavy metal accumulation and growth responses in poplar clones Eridano (Populus deltoides x maximowiczii) and I-214 (P. x euramericana) exposed to industrial waste. Environ Exp Bot 52:79–88 Shaver GR, Chapin FS (1991) Production–biomass relationships and element cycling in contrasting arctic vegetation types. Ecol Monogr 61(1):1–31 Shaver GR, Melillo JM (1984) Nutrient budgets of marsh plants: efficiency concepts and relation to availability. Ecology 65:1491–1510 Van der Werf A, Van Nuenen M, Visser AJ, Lambers H (1993) Contribution of physiological and morphological plant traits to a species’ competitive ability at high or low nutrient supply. A hypothesis for inherently fast- and slow-growing species. Oecologia 94:434–440 Vasquez de Aldana BR, Berendse F (1997) Nitrogen-use efficiency in six perennial grasses from contrasting habitats. Funct Ecol 11:619–626 Vitousek PM (1982) Nutrient cycling and nutrient use efficiency. Am Nat 119:553–572 Vymazal J (1999) Nutrient cycling and retention in natural and constructed wetlands. Backhuys, Leiden, p 208 Weih M (2001) Evidence for increased sensitivity to nutrient and water stress in a fast-growing hybrid willow compared with a natural willow clone. Tree Physiol 21:1141–1148 Weih M, Nordh N-E (2002) Characterising willows for biomass and phytoremediation: growth, nitrogen and water use of 14 willow clones under different irrigation on fertilisation regimes. Biomass Bioenerg 23:397–413 Yuan Z-Y, Li L-H, Han X-G, Chen S-P, Wang Z-W, Chen Q-S, Bai W-M (2006) Nitrogen response efficiency increased monotonically with decreasing soil resource availability: a case study from a semiarid grassland in northern China. Oecologia 148:564–572 Zalezny RS Jr, Wiese AH, Bauer EO, Riemenschneider DE (2006) Sapflow of hybrid poplar (Populus nigra L. × P. maximowiczii A. Henry ‘NM6’) during phytoremediation of landfill leachate. Biomass Bioenerg 30:784–793