Biochemistry of plant secondary metabolites and their effects in animals

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society - Tập 64 Số 3 - Trang 403-412 - 2005
T. Acamovic1, J.D. Brooker2
1Avian Science Research Centre, Animal Health Group, Scottish Agricultural College, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
2Avian Science Research Centre, Animal Health Group, Scottish Agricultural College, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, and, Avian Science Research Centre, Animal Health Group, Scottish Agricultural College, Ayr KA6 5HW, UK

Tóm tắt

Plant secondary metabolites, which include a wide variety of phytochemicals, have always been constituents of the diets of man and other animals. Although a high proportion of these phytochemicals have been considered to be of little value in plants (although this view is changing), they have frequently been shown to have adverse effects on animals when ingested. The effects depend to a great extent on the chemistry of the compounds, their concentration in the diet and the amount consumed, and are further dependent on the health status of the animals. Traditionally, most studies of the effects of these compounds on animals have focused on their adverse effects and how to alleviate them. However, recent public concern about the use of synthetic compounds in animal diets to enhance performance and health and welfare issues, coupled with changes in regulations on the use of synthetic medicaments, has stimulated interest and research in the use and effects of phytochemicals in the diets of farmed animals. Phytochemicals vary in their chemistry but can be divided into hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds, of which a wide variety of polyphenolic and terpenoid compounds, as well as alkaloids, carbohydrates and non-protein amino acids, invoke special interest. The chemistry, biochemistry and mechanisms of action of these compounds in plants and their effects in animals when ingested will be explored.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Wink M (1999b) Introduction: Biochemistry, role and biotechnology of secondary metabolites. In Biochemistry of Plant Secondary Metabolism Annual Plant Reviews, pp. Vol. 3 1–16 Raton, FL: CRC Press

10.1016/S0962-4562(03)00038-9

10.1007/978-1-4757-2905-4_11

10.1104/pp.70.1.74

Wink, 1993, The plant vacuole – a multifunctional compartment, Journal of Experimental Botany, 44, 231

Wiermann, 1981, The Biochemistry of Plants, Vol. 7, 85

Wink, 2000, Bioactive Natural Products, Vol. 11, 3

Wink, 2004, Poisonous Plants and Related Toxins, 1

Timbrell JA (1992) Principles of Biochemical Toxicology London Taylor Francis Ltd

10.4141/A01-040

10.1515/znc-1985-11-1204

Wink M (editor) (1999a) Introduction: Biochemistry, role and biotechnology of secondary metabolites. Biochemistry of Plant Secondary Metabolism Annual Plant Reviews, Vol. 2, pp. 1–15 Raton, FL: CRC Press

Hollis, 2001, Biologically Active Phytochemicals in Food, 13

10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00121-6

10.1017/S1357729800010031

10.1071/BI9750495

Oakenfull, 1983, A physico-chemical explanation for the effects of dietary saponins on cholesterol and bile salt metabolism, Nutrition Reports International, 27, 1253

10.1093/ps/82.3.364

Brooker, 2000, Tannins in Livestock and Human Nutrition

Barz, 1981, The Biochemistry of Plants, Vol. 7, 35

Robins C & Brooker JD (2005) The effects of Acacia aneura feeding on abomasal and intestinal structure and function in sheep Animal Feed Science and Technology

10.1016/0926-6690(93)90010-7

10.1079/9780851996141.0361

Garland, 1998, Toxic Plants and Other Natural Toxicants

10.1080/00288233.1995.9513108

10.1079/BJN19950095

Bladeren, 1993, Development and Ethical Considerations in Toxicology, 69

Bento MHL , Acamovic T & Makkar HPS (2005) The influence of tannin, pectin and polyethylene glycol on attachment of 15 N-labelled rumen microorganisms to cellulose Animal Feed Science and Technology

O'Donovan, 2001, Extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis as a mechanism of tannin resistance in Streptococcus caprinus, Microbiology, 147, 1025

10.1016/S0377-8401(99)00029-2

Oakenfull, 1986, Aggregation of saponins and bile acids in aqueous solution, Australian Journal of Chemistry, 39, 1671, 10.1071/CH9861671

10.1093/jn/116.11.2270

10.1080/0007166031000085508

10.1079/9780851996141.0175

10.1126/science.129.3361.1466

Baldwin, 1994, Insect Plant Interactions, 1

10.1007/BF00267647

Gilbert, 2000, Proceedings of XXI World's Poultry Congress

Makkar HPS (2003) Quantification of Tannins in Tree and Shrub Foliage Dordrecht, Germany Kluwer Academic Publishers

Apajalahti, 1998, Effective recovery of bacterial DNA and percent-guanine-plus-cytosine-based analyses of community structure in the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens, Applied Environmental Microbiology, 64, 4084, 10.1128/AEM.64.10.4084-4088.1998

Hartmann, 1995, Alkaloids; Chemical and Biochemical Perspectives, Vol. 9, 155

Harborne JB (1993) Introduction to Ecological Biochemistry 4th ed. London: Academic Press

10.1515/znc-1981-7-821

Foo, 1982, Proanthocyanidin polymers of fodder legumes, Phytochemistry, 21, 933, 10.1016/0031-9422(82)80096-4

Cowieson AJ , Sarkilahti LK , Apajalahti JHA , Acamovic T & Bedford MR (2000) Caecal microflora in broilers fed diets containing camelina with and without enzyme supplementation Proceedings of XXI World's Poultry Congress. CD ROM Montreal, Quebec World's Poultry Science Association; Canadian Branch

10.1021/jf00123a006

Bach, 1997, Carbohydrate and lignin contents of plant materials used in animal feeding, Animal Feed Science and Technology, 67, 319, 10.1016/S0377-8401(97)00009-6

10.1016/S0377-8401(03)00041-5

Hollis, 2001, Biologically Active Phytochemicals in Food, 13

10.1016/0168-1605(87)90034-1

10.1079/9780851996141.0000

10.1079/WPS20040017

Spring, 2004, Interfacing Immunity Gut Health and Performance, 93

10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00232-2

Hagerman, 1998, Biological responses to dietary tannins and other polyphenols, Recent Research Developments in Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2, 689

10.1038/194694b0

Bento MHL (2004) The effects of condensed tannins on rumen and post-rumen digestion of nutrients. PhD Thesis, University of Aberdeen.

Amann, 1986, Purification and characterisation of (S) tetrahydroberberine oxidase from cultured Coptis japonica cells, Phytochemistry, 37, 979

10.1016/S0377-8401(99)00117-0

Guern, 1987, Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics, 43

10.1016/S0377-8401(98)00210-7

Acamovic T & Stewart CS (2000) Plant phenolic compounds and gastrointestinal micro-organisms. In Tannins in Livestock and Human Nutrition, pp. 127–130 [ Brooker JD , editor]. Canberra, ACT: ACIAR.

Kelly, 2004, Interfacing Immunity Gut Health and performance, 93

10.1079/PNS2004396

10.1016/S0377-8401(97)81636-7

10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199605)71:1<92::AID-JSFA556>3.0.CO;2-1

10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00062-6

Mansoori, 1998, 106

10.1080/00071660410001697967

Cheeke, 1998, Natural Toxicants in Feeds Forages and Poisonous Plants

Ferraz de, 1994, Plant Associated Toxins: Agricultural, Phytochemical and Ecological Aspects, 195

10.1111/j.1558-5646.1964.tb01674.x

Barry, 1989, The Roles of Protozoa and Fungi in Ruminant Digestion, 153

10.1080/00071660410001668923

10.1006/anae.1995.1034

10.1007/978-1-4757-2905-4_10

Houdijk, 2002, Effects of dietary non-digestible oligosaccharides on microbial characteristics of ileal chyme and faeces in weaner pigs, Archives of Animal Nutrition, 56, 297

Rakhmani, 2005, Animal Feed Science and Technology

Muhammed, 1994, The effect of tannic acid on cellulose degradation, adhesion and enzymatic activity of rumen microo-organisms, Proceedings of the Society of Nutritional Physiology, 3, 174

10.1016/S0168-1591(00)00125-8

Nash, 2004, Remedies from nature, Chemistry World, 7, 20

10.1016/S0031-9422(00)90791-X

Kinghorn, 1997, Handbook of Plant and Fungal Toxicants, 255

10.1104/pp.61.2.154

10.1093/ps/79.2.205

D'Mello JPF (1997) Handbook of Plant and Fungal Toxicants Boca Raton, FL CRC Press

10.1039/b005311m

D'Mello JPF & Devendra C (1995) Tropical Legumes in Animal Nutrition Wallingford, Oxon CAB International

10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2004.12.008

10.1016/S0301-6226(02)00144-6

10.1016/S0377-8401(00)00178-4

10.1146/annurev.es.07.110176.001005

Farhan, 2001, Biologically Active Phytochemicals in Food, 28

Colegate SM Dorling PR (1994) Plant Associated Toxins. Wallingford Oxon.: CAB International.

10.1111/j.1472-765X.1994.tb00877.x

10.1016/S0377-8401(02)00179-7

10.1016/0377-8401(89)90139-9

10.1079/9780851996141.0575

Mansoori, 1998, Toxic Plants and Other Natural Toxicants, 101

10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00258-9

10.1079/WPS20037

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Proceedings of the Nutrition Society

Tập 64 Số 3

403-412

Thông tin tác giả