Behavior at the Choice Point: Decision Making in Hidden Pathway Maze Learning

Neuropsychology Review - Tập 24 - Trang 514-536 - 2014
Elizabeth Thomas1, Peter J. Snyder2, Robert H. Pietrzak3, Paul Maruff1,4,5
1Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
2Lifespan Hospital System & Department of Neurology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA
3Department of Pyschiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
4Centre for Neurosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
5Cogstate Ltd., Melbourne, Australia

Tóm tắt

Hidden pathway maze learning tasks (HPMLTs) have been used in neuropsychological research and practice for more than 80 years. These tasks require the use of visual and auditory task feedback signals to learn the order and direction of a pathway, typically within a grid of stepping-stones, or alleys. Hidden pathway maze learning tasks are purported to assess both visuospatial learning and executive processes. The original motivation for the HPMLT paradigm for humans was to reduce a complex tactual planning task to one in which decisions could be directly measured by discrete actions at choice points guided by visual cues. Hidden maze learning paradigms were used extensively throughout the 20th century, initially to study exploratory, anticipatory, and goal-related behavior within the context of memory research, and later as an experimental tool in neuropsychology. Computerization of HPMLTs have allowed for the measurement of different move categories according to the rule structure and ipso facto, clinically meaningful differences in memory and monitoring functions during spatial search and learning. Hidden pathway maze learning tests have been used to understand the cognitive effects of ageing, neurological disorders, and psychopharmacological challenges. We provide a review of historical antecedents relevant to contemporary applications of HPMLTs in neuropsychology. It is suggested that contemporary applications of HPMLTs could be advanced by analysis of component operations necessary for efficient performance that can inform theoretical interpretations of this class of tests in clinically meaningful terms.

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Neuropsychology Review

Tập 24

514-536

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