Automaticity: Componential, Causal, and Mechanistic Explanations

Annual Review of Psychology - Tập 67 Số 1 - Trang 263-287 - 2016
Agnes Moors1,2
1Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
2Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences; Centre for Social and Cultural Psychology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;

Tóm tắt

The review first discusses componential explanations of automaticity, which specify non/automaticity features (e.g., un/controlled, un/conscious, non/efficient, fast/slow) and their interrelations. Reframing these features as factors that influence processes (e.g., goals, attention, and time) broadens the range of factors that can be considered (e.g., adding stimulus intensity and representational quality). The evidence reviewed challenges the view of a perfect coherence among goals, attention, and consciousness, and supports the alternative view that (a) these and other factors influence the quality of representations in an additive way (e.g., little time can be compensated by extra attention or extra stimulus intensity) and that (b) a first threshold of this quality is required for unconscious processing and a second threshold for conscious processing. The review closes with a discussion of causal explanations of automaticity, which specify factors involved in automatization such as repetition and complexity, and a discussion of mechanistic explanations, which specify the low-level processes underlying automatization.

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Annual Review of Psychology

Tập 67 Số 1

263-287

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