Audiovestibular and vaccination complications of COVID-19

Hu B, Guo H, Zhou P, Shi ZL (2021) Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Nat Rev Microbiol 19(3):141–154

Gralinski LE, Menachery VD (2020) Return of the coronavirus: 2019-nCoV. Viruses. 12(2):135

Sheikh A, McMenamin J, Taylor B, Public Health Scotland and the EAVE II Collaborators (2021) SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC in Scotland: demographics, risk of hospital admission, and vaccine effectiveness. Lancet. 397(10293):2461–2462

Hanege FM, Kocoglu E, Kalcioglu MT, Celik S, Cag Y, Esen F et al (2021) SARS-CoV-2 presence in the saliva, tears, and cerumen of COVID-19 patients. Laryngoscope. 131(5):E1677–E1682

Parry J (2020) China coronavirus: cases surge as official admits human to human transmission. BMJ. 368:m236 Published 2020 Jan 20

Zou L, Ruan F, Huang M, Liang L, Huang H, Hong Z et al (2020) SARS-CoV-2 viral load in upper respiratory specimens of infected patients. N Engl J Med 382(12):1177–1179

Booth TF, Kournikakis B, Bastien N, Ho J, Kobasa D, Stadnyk L et al (2005) Detection of airborne severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus and environmental contamination in SARS outbreak units. J Infect Dis 191(9):1472–1477

Topsakal V, Van Rompaey V, Kuhweide R, Garin P, Barbara M, Li Y et al (2020) Prioritizing otological surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. B-ENT. 16(1):55–58

Kirchdoerfer RN, Cottrell CA, Wang N, Pallesen J, Yassine HM, Turner HL et al (2016) Pre-fusion structure of a human coronavirus spike protein. Nature. 531(7592):118–121

Gupta MK, Vemula S, Donde R, Gouda G, Behera L, Vadde R (2021) In-silico approaches to detect inhibitors of the human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein ion channel. J Biomol Struct Dyn 39(7):2617–2627

Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Schroeder S, Krüger N, Herrler T, Erichsen S et al (2020) SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor. Cell. 181(2):271–280

Song HC, Seo MY, Stadler K, Yoo BJ, Choo QL, Coates SR et al (2004) Synthesis and characterization of a native, oligomeric form of recombinant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein. J Virol 78(19):10328–10335

Jeong M, Ocwieja KE, Han D, Wackym PA, Zhang Y, Brown A et al (2021) Direct SARS-CoV-2 infection of the human inner ear may underlie COVID-19-associated audiovestibular dysfunction. Commun Med (London) 1(1):1–14

Vallamkondu J, John A, Wani WY, Ramadevi SP, Jella KK, Reddy PH et al (2020) SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology and assessment of coronaviruses in CNS diseases with a focus on therapeutic targets. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol basis Dis 1866(10):165889

Chandrasekhar SS, Tsai Do BS, Schwartz SR, Bontempo LJ, Faucett EA, Finestone SA et al (2019) Clinical practice guideline: sudden hearing loss (update). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 161(1_suppl):S1–S45

Degen C, Lenarz T, Willenborg K (2020) Acute profound sensorineural hearing loss after COVID-19 pneumonia. Mayo Clin Proc 95(8):1801–1803

Harenberg J, Bauersachs R, Ageno W (2021) Does chronic treatment with oral anticoagulants ameliorate the clinical course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? Semin Thromb Hemost 47(4):338–340

Sahin AR, Erdogan A, Agaoglu PM, Dineri Y, Cakirci AY, Senel ME et al (2020) 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak: a review of the current literature. Euras J Med Oncol 4(1):1–7

Panigada M, Bottino N, Tagliabue P, Grasselli G, Novembrino C, Chantarangkul V et al (2020) Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit: a report of thromboelastography findings and other parameters of hemostasis. J Thromb Haemost 18(7):1738–1742

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Clinical Guidelines (2020). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK567264/

Al-Jasser A, Alkeridy W, Munro KJ, Plack CJ (2021) Is COVID-19 associated with self-reported audio-vestibular symptoms? Int J Audiol. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/14992027.2021.1957161

Iacobucci G (2020) COVID-19: doctors sound alarm over hospital transmissions. BMJ. 19(369):m2013

Almufarrij I, Uus K, Munro KJ (2020) Does coronavirus affect the audio-vestibular system? A rapid systematic review. Int J Audiol 59(7):487–491

Alves de Sousa F, Pinto Costa R, Xará S, Nóbrega Pinto A, Almeida E, Sousa C (2021) SARS-CoV-2 and hearing: an audiometric analysis of COVID-19 hospitalized patients. J Otolaryngol 16(3):158–164

Karimi-Galougahi M, Naeini AS, Raad N, Mikaniki N, Ghorbani J (2020) Vertigo and hearing loss during the COVID-19 pandemic–is there an association? Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 40(6):463–465

Chirakkal P, Al Hail AN, Zada N, Vijayakumar DS (2021) COVID-19 and Tinnitus. Ear Nose Throat J 100(2_suppl):160S–162S

Lamounier P, Gonçalves VF, Ramos HVL, Gobbo DA, Teixeira RP, Dos Reis PC et al (2020) A 67-year-old woman with sudden hearing loss associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Am J Case Rep 21:e927519-1–e927519-6

Cure E, Cure MC (2020) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may be harmful in patients with diabetes during COVID-19 pandemic. J Endocrinol Investig 43(8):1053–1060

Satar B (2020) Criteria for establishing an association between COVID-19 and hearing loss. Am J Otolaryngol 41(6):102658

Mustafa MWM (2020) Audiological profile of asymptomatic COVID-19 PCR-positive cases. Am J Otolaryngol 41(3):102483

Sedaghat Z, Karimi N (2020) Guillain barre syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: a case report. A case report. J Clin Neurosci 76:233–235

Saniasiaya J, Kulasegarah J (2020) Auditory cinchonism in COVID Era. Ear Nose Throat J 99(9):597–598

Viola P, Ralli M, Pisani D, Malanga D, Sculco D, Messina L et al (2021) Tinnitus and equilibrium disorders in COVID-19 patients: preliminary results. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 278(10):3725–3730

Uranaka T, Kashio A, Ueha R, Sato T, Bing H, Ying G et al (2021) Expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and furin in mouse ear tissue, and the implications for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Laryngoscope. 131(6):E2013–E2017

Korkmaz MÖ, Eğilmez OK, Özçelik MA, Güven M (2021) Otolaryngological manifestations of hospitalised patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 278(5):1675–1685

Jacobson GP, Newman CW (1990) The development of the dizziness handicap inventory. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 116(4):424–427. https://doi.org/10.1001/archotol.1990.01870040046011

Maharaj S, Bello Alvarez M, Mungul S, Hari K (2020) Otologic dysfunction in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 5(6):1192–1196

Cui C, Yao Q, Zhang D, Zhao Y, Zhang K, Nisenbaum E et al (2020) Approaching otolaryngology patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 163(1):121–131. https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599820926144

Sun R, Liu H, Wang X (2020) Mediastinal emphysema, giant bulla, and pneumothorax developed during the course of COVID-19 pneumonia. Korean J Radiol 21(5):541

Koumpa FS, Forde CT, Manjaly JG (2020) Sudden irreversible hearing loss post COVID-19. BMJ Case Rep 13(11):e238419

Maharaj S, Hari K (2020) Congenital inner ear abnormalities and COVID-19-related ear infections [published online ahead of print, 2020 Oct 23]. Ear Nose Throat J. 145561320968934. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145561320968934

Gupta S, Jawanda MK, Taneja N, Taneja T (2021) A systematic review of Bell’s Palsy as the only major neurological manifestation in COVID-19 patients. J Clin Neurosci 90:284–292

Helbok R, Beer R, Löscher W, Boesch S, Reindl M, Hornung R et al (2020) Guillain-Barré syndrome in a patient with antibodies against SARS-COV-2. Eur J Neurol 27(9):1754–1756

Tamaki A, Cabrera CI, Li S, Rabbani C, Thuener JE, Rezaee RP et al (2021) Incidence of Bell palsy in patients with COVID-19. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 147(8):767–768

Islamoglu Y, Celik B, Kiris M (2021) Facial paralysis as the only symptom of COVID-19: a prospective study. Am J Otolaryngol 42(4):102956

Codeluppi L, Venturelli F, Rossi J, Fasano A, Toschi G, Pacillo F et al (2021) Facial palsy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Brain Behav 11(1):e01939

Fidan V (2020) New type of corona virus induced acute otitis media in adult. Am J Otolaryngol 41(3):102487

Jeican II, Inișca P, Gheban D, Tăbăran F, Aluaș M, Trombitas V et al (2021) COVID-19 and Pneumocystis jirovecii pulmonary coinfection—the first case confirmed through autopsy. Medicina. 57(4):302

Mady OM, El-Ozairy HS, Wady EM (2021) Increased incidence of otitis externa in COVID-19 patients. Am J Otolaryngol 42(3):102672

Miri SM, Ajalloueyan M (2020) Critical alert for otolaryngologists: Earache may be the early signs of COVID-19. Iran Red Crescent Med J 22(5):e103836

Lanvers-Kaminsky C, Zehnhoff-Dinnesen AA, Parfitt R, Ciarimboli G (2017) Drug-induced ototoxicity: mechanisms, pharmacogenetics, and protective strategies. Clin Pharmacol Ther 101(4):491–500

Gao J, Tian Z, Yang X (2020) Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies. Biosci Trends 14:72–73

Gautret P, Lagier JC, Honoré S, Hoang VT, Colson P, Raoult D (2021) Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open label non-randomized clinical trial revisited. Int J Antimicrob Agents 57(1):106243

Prayuenyong P, Kasbekar AV, Baguley DM (2020) Clinical implications of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine ototoxicity for COVID-19 treatment: a mini-review. Front Public Health 8:252

Ikeda AK, Prince AA, Chen JX, Lieu JE, Shin JJ (2018) Macrolide-associated sensorineural hearing loss: a systematic review. Laryngoscope 128(1):228–236

Oldenburg CE, Pinsky BA, Brogdon J, Chen C, Ruder K, Zhong L et al (2021) Effect of oral azithromycin vs placebo on COVID-19 symptoms in outpatients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 326(6):490–498

Zhou P, Yang X, Wang X, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W et al (2020) A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature 579:270–273

Alavi Darazam I, Shokouhi S, Pourhoseingholi MA, Naghibi Irvani SS, Mokhtari M et al (2021) Role of interferon therapy in severe COVID-19: the COVIFERON randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 11(1):1–11

Little C, Cosetti MK (2021) A narrative review of pharmacologic treatments for COVID-19: safety considerations and ototoxicity. Laryngoscope. 131(7):1626–1632

Williams B (2001) Ototoxicity may be associated with protease inhibitor therapy. Clin Infect Dis 33(12):2100–2101

Wong VK, Cheong-Lee C, Ford JAE, Yoshida EM (2005) Acute sensorineural hearing loss associated with peginterferon and ribavirin combination therapy during hepatitis C treatment: outcome after resumption of therapy. World J Gastroenterol 11(34):5392–5392

Caly L, Druce JD, Catton MG, Jans DA, Wagstaff KM (2020) The FDA-approved drug ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Antivir Res 178:104787

Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, Absalon J, Gurtman A, Lockhart S et al (2020) Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. N Engl J Med 383(27):2603–2615

Jeong J, Choi HS (2021) Sudden sensorineural hearing loss after COVID-19 vaccination. Int J Infect Dis 113:341–343

Aasfara J, Hajjij A, Bensouda H, Ouhabi H, Benariba F (2021) A unique association of bifacial weakness, paresthesia and vestibulocochlear neuritis as post-COVID-19 manifestation in pregnant women: a case report. Pan Afr Med J 13(38):30

Wichova H, Miller ME, Derebery MJ (2021) Otologic manifestations after COVID-19 vaccination: the house ear clinic experience. Otol Neurotol 42(9):e1213–e1218

Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, Essink B, Kotloff K, Frey S et al (2021) Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. N Engl J Med 384(5):403–416