Atypical age‐dependent effects of autism on white matter microstructure in children of 2–7 years

Human Brain Mapping - Tập 37 Số 2 - Trang 819-832 - 2016
Minhui Ouyang1,2,3, Hua Cheng4, Virendra Mishra1, Gaolang Gong5, Matthew W. Mosconi6,7, John A. Sweeney6,7, Yun Peng4, Hao Huang1,3,8
1Advanced Imaging Research Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Texas
2Biomedical Engineering Joint Graduate Program University of Texas at Arlington‐University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Texas
3Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
4Department of Radiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
5State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
6Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas
7Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
8Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania

Tóm tắt

AbstractAtypical age‐dependent changes of white matter (WM) microstructure play a central role in abnormal brain maturation of the children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but their early manifestations have not been systematically characterized. The entire brain core WM voxels were surveyed to detect differences in WM microstructural development between 31 children with ASD of 2–7 years and 19 age‐matched children with typical development (TD), using measurements of fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD) from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The anatomical locations, distribution, and extent of the core WM voxels with atypical age‐dependent changes in a specific tract or tract group were delineated and evaluated by integrating the skeletonized WM with a digital atlas. Exclusively, unidirectional FA increases and RD decreases in widespread WM tracts were revealed in children with ASD before 4 years, with bi‐directional changes found for children with ASD of 2–7 years. Compared to progressive development that raised FA and lowered RD during 2–7 years in the TD group, flattened curves of WM maturation were found in multiple major WM tracts of all five tract groups, particularly associational and limbic tracts, in the ASD group with trend lines of ASD and TD crossed around 4 years. We found atypical age‐dependent changes of FA and RD widely and heterogeneously distributed in WM tracts of children with ASD. The early higher WM microstructural integrity before 4 years reflects abnormal neural patterning, connectivity, and pruning that may contribute to aberrant behavioral and cognitive development in ASD. Hum Brain Mapp 37:819–832, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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