Assessment of the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial properties of Tapinanthus bangwensis leaves hosted by the branches of Persea americana

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies - Tập 23 Số 1
Maxwell Sakyiamah1, Paa Kwesi Gordon2, Peter Bolah1, Prince Kyei Baffour1, Ebenezer Ehun1, Olga Quasie3, Doris Kumadoh4, Mary-Ann Archer5, Susana Oteng Mintah2, Alfred Ampomah Appiah1
1Phytochemistry Department, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
2Department of Microbiology, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
3Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
4Production Department, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, Ghana
5Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana

Tóm tắt

Abstract Background

Medicinal plants represent a valuable source for new effective and safe antimicrobial drugs making them an alternative therapy. Existing antimicrobial agents are costly and mostly associated with possible side effects. The aim of the present study therefore, was to assess the antimicrobial property and phytochemical composition of hydroethanolic extract of Tapinanthus bangwensis leaves and its fractions.

 Method

T. bangwensis leaves (harvested from its host plant, Persea americana) was extracted by cold maceration with 70% ethanol and further fractionated with different organic solvents using the solvent partitioning method to obtain the crude extract, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and the resulting aqueous fractions. The phytochemical constituents of the extracts were screened and quantified. Also, the TLC of the extracts were analyzed to serve as a fingerprint. Using the agar diffusion and broth dilution methods, the antimicrobial properties of the extracts were assessed.

 Results

The study showed that the hydroethanolic (70%) crude extract of T. bangwensis leaves and its fractions contain phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, phytosterols and reducing sugars. The phytoconstituents were well extracted into the ethyl acetate fraction than the other fractions evidenced in the high levels (p < 0.0001) of saponins (66.47 ± 1.72% w/w), phenolic compounds (77.75 ± 1.06 mg/100 mg GAE) and flavonoids (44.34 ± 0.06 mg/100 mg QE) contents. From the antimicrobial studies, all the microorganisms tested exhibited varying degrees of susceptibility to the extracts with MIC values between 0.78 to 12.5 mg/mL. The crude extract of T. bangwensis leaves, its ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions also exhibited lethal antimicrobial activity with MLC between 6.25 to 50 mg/mL.

 Conclusion

The crude extract of T. bangwensis leaves and its fractions demonstrated antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Candida albicans, thereby representing a potential source of natural antimicrobial agent. Further study is required to identify and isolate antimicrobial compounds from the plant for the development of the natural bioactive antimicrobial agents.

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BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies

Tập 23 Số 1

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