Assessment of Carbon Substrate Catabolism Pattern and Functional Metabolic Pathway for Microbiota of Limestone Caves

Microorganisms - Tập 9 Số 8 - Trang 1789
Suprokash Koner1,2, Jung‐Sheng Chen3, Bing‐Mu Hsu4,2, Chao-Wen Tan5, Cheng-Wei Fan2, Tsung‐Hsien Chen6, Bashir Hussain1,2, Viji Nagarajan2
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi City 621, Taiwan
2Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi City 621, Taiwan
3Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan
4Center for Innovative on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi City 621, Taiwan
5Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City 600, Taiwan
6Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City 600, Taiwan

Tóm tắt

Carbon utilization of bacterial communities is a key factor of the biomineralization process in limestone-rich curst areas. An efficient carbon catabolism of the microbial community is associated with the availability of carbon sources in such an ecological niche. As cave environments promote oligotrophic (carbon source stress) situations, the present study investigated the variations of different carbon substrate utilization patterns of soil and rock microbial communities between outside and inside cave environments in limestone-rich crust topography by Biolog EcoPlate™ assay and categorized their taxonomical structure and predicted functional metabolic pathways based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Community level physiological profiling (CLPP) analysis by Biolog EcoPlate™ assay revealed that microbes from outside of the cave were metabolically active and had higher carbon source utilization rate than the microbial community inside the cave. 16S rRNA amplicon sequence analysis demonstrated, among eight predominant bacterial phylum Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Nitrospirae were predominantly associated with outside-cave samples, whereas Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Gemmatimonadetes were associated with inside-cave samples. Functional prediction showed bacterial communities both inside and outside of the cave were functionally involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids, xenobiotic compounds, energy metabolism, and environmental information processing. However, the amino acid and carbohydrate metabolic pathways were predominantly linked to the outside-cave samples, while xenobiotic compounds, lipids, other amino acids, and energy metabolism were associated with inside-cave samples. Overall, a positive correlation was observed between Biolog EcoPlate™ assay carbon utilization and the abundance of functional metabolic pathways in this study.

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Microorganisms

Tập 9 Số 8

1789

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