Assessing the Relationship Between School Failure and Suicidal Behavior in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Longitudinal Studies

School Mental Health - Tập 12 - Trang 429-441 - 2020
P. Castellví1,2, A. Miranda-Mendizábal2,3, I. Alayo2,4, O. Parés-Badell5, J. Almenara6, I. Alonso7, M. J. Blasco2,4, A. Cebrià8, A. Gabilondo9,10, M. Gili11,12, C. Lagares13, J. A. Piqueras14, M. Roca11,12, J. Rodríguez-Marín14, T. Rodríguez-Jimenez14, V. Soto-Sanz14, J. Alonso2,3,4
1School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
2Health Services Research Group, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
3Department of Health and Experimental Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
4CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
5Barcelona Public Health Agency, Barcelona, Spain
6Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
7Morales Meseguer Hospital, Murcia, Spain
8Department of Mental Health, Corporació Sanitaria Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
9Outpatient Mental Health Care Network, Osakidetza-Basque Health Service, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
10Mental Health and Psychiatric Care Research Unit, BioDonosti Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
11Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS-IDISPA), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
12Network of Preventive Activities and Health Promotion, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
13Department of Statistics and Operative Research, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
14Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Elche, Spain

Tóm tắt

There is an increasing acknowledgment that suicidal behaviors are negatively affected by school failure in adolescents and young adults. However, no systematic reviews with meta-analysis have been performed to evaluate the strength of this association. We assessed the magnitude of association of school failure as risk factor for suicide behavior in adolescents and young adults. Six international databases were searched up until January 2017. Inclusion criteria were: (1) assessment of suicide attempt or suicide; (2) case–control or cohort studies; (3) subjects aged 12–26 years; (4) school failure evaluated, which includes low academic performance, school dropout, school expulsion, and grade repetition. Random effect models were used; population attributable risks (PARs) were estimated. From 26,883 potentially eligible articles, 14 (62,298 individuals) were included. Meta-analyses could only be performed for suicide attempt. A history of school dropout (OR 6.44, 95% CI 3.03–13.65), low academic performance (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.22–1.81), and school failure (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.49–2.64) were significant risks of suicide attempts. Highest PAR estimates were 9.9% for school dropout, 5.1% for low academic performance, and 6.7% for any school failure. Only one study has been found for suicide, but results suggest an association with school dropout. Results show that the students who had school failure are at higher risk of suicide attempt and probably for suicide. The development of effective programs to prevent suicidal behaviors in educational settings may be an effective strategy to reduce these behaviors. However, reliable conclusions from this review are limited by the small amount of included studies for analysis. PROSPERO Registration Number CRD42013005775.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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