Assessing changes in soil quality indicators, turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) yield, and monetary returns under different years of organic nutrient management

Organic Agriculture - Tập 13 - Trang 443-460 - 2023
Dhandayuthapani Udhaya Nandhini1, Ponnusamy Janaki2, Subramanian Venkatesan3, Kandasamy Senthilraja4, Eagan Somasundaram5, Sadasivam Meena1
1Centre of Excellence in Sustaining Soil Health, AnbilDharmalingam Agricultural College & Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Trichy, India
2Nammazhvar Organic Farming Research Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
3Directorate of Research, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
4Directorate of Crop Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
5Agribusiness Development, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India

Tóm tắt

Turmeric is a significant and widely grown spice crop in the western agro-climatic zone of Tamil Nadu, India. In recent decades, it is cultivated organically with different sources of nutrients. Unraveling the influence of different nutrient management regimes under long-term practice of organic farming on soil quality indicators and turmeric yield may help to develop a sustainable organic nutrient management practice for ensuring better yield and soil health besides doubling the farmer’s income. The study was conducted in the seven farmer’s fields involving organic nutrient management (ORG) practices with different years (4, 5, 6, 7, 12, 13, and 28 years) of practice in the western agro-climatic zone of Tamil Nadu, India. The analyzed chemical properties, viz., soil reaction, electrical conductivity, and nutrients (both macro and micro), and biological indicators, viz., soil organic carbon (SOC), organic matter, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), MBC/SOC ratio, culturable microbes, earthworm activity, dehydrogenase, and phosphatase activities, from the collected soil samples were found to be biologically and chemically more active in 28 years of organically managed soils than others. Turmeric rhizome yield was enhanced by about 48% and profitability by 62% in terms of net return in the same 28 years ORG field compared to recently converted ORG field (4 years). Established Pearson’s correlation highlighted interrelationships between soil properties and rhizome yield as well as years of organic farming. The findings clearly indicate that the long-term practice of organic nutrient management aids in enhancing the soil quality, attaining maximum turmeric yield, and doubling the farmer’s income in the Western zone of Tamil Nadu.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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