Approaches to the evaluation of histocompatibility antigens

International Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Research - Tập 4 - Trang 527-539 - 1974
Fritz H. Bach1
1Immunobiology Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA

Tóm tắt

The strong transplantation antigens (called histocompatibility or H antigens) in a number of species are determined by genes of a single genetic complex — the major histocompatibility complex. While there are other H antigens which, if different in two individuals, can lead to graft rejection, it is the antigens of the major histocompatibility complex which are of overwhelming importance. These antigens can be divided into two classes: first, the antigens initially detected by serological methods which are present on the surfaces of all lymphoid cells and essentially all other tissues; second, those differences between cells which lead to activation of lymphocytes in the Mixed Leukocyte Culture (MLC) test. These two components of the major histocompatibility complex have been referred to as the SD and LD components respectively. Since both these types of differences apparently lead to graft rejection, it is desirable to match donor and recipient optimally for both systems. This is best achieved by minimizing the number of SD antigens by which donor and recipient differ and by assuring the lowest degree of stimulation in the MLC test between donor and recipient. Gli antigeni forti del trapianto (denominati antigeni H o dell’istocompatibilitè) sono controllati, in talune specie, da geni di un singololocus genetico: illocus principale dell’istocompatibilitè. Sebbene esistano altri antigeni H che, se diversi in due individui, possono portare al rigetto del trapianto, gli antigeni dellocus principale dell’istocompatibilitè sono senz’altro i più importanti. Tali antigeni possono essere suddivisi in due classi: la prima comprende gli antigeni esplorati all’inizio mediante metodiche sierologiche, i quali sono presenti sulle superficie di tutte le cellule linfoidi e praticamente in tutti gli altri tessuti, e la seconda le differenze tra le cellule che provocano attivazione linfocitaria nel test di coltura mista leucocitaria (MLC). Queste due componenti dellocus principale dell’istocompatibilitè sono state denominate rispettivamente componente SD e LD. Poiché queste differenze sembrano condurre entrambe al rigetto del trapianto, è bene rendere compatibili in modo ottimale il donatore ed il ricevente ad entrambi i sistemi. Il modo migliore per ottenere questo risultato è la riduzione al massimo degli antigeni SD che differenziano il donatore ed il ricevente e l’induzione dlia più bassa stimolazione nel test MLC tra donatore e ricevente.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Albert E. D., Mempel W., Gross-Wilde H.: Linkage Disequilibrium between HL-A7 and the MLC Specificity ‘PI’ — Transplant. Proc.5, 1551, 1973.

Alter B. J., Schendel D. J., Bach M. L., Bach F. H.: Cell-Mediated Lympholysis. Importance of Serologically Defined H-2 Regions — J. exp. Med.137, 1303, 1973.

Amos D. B., Bach F. H.: Phenotypic Expressions of the Major Histocompatibility Locus in Man (HL-A): Leukocyte Antigens and Mixed Leukocyte Culture Reactivity — J. exp. Med.128, 623, 1968.

Bach F. H.: In:McDevitt H. O., Landy M. (Eds): Genetic Control of Immune Responsiveness. Academic Press, New York, 1972; p. 107.

Bach F. H.: The Major Histocompatibility Complex in Transplantation Immunity — Transplant. Proc.5, 23, 1973.

Bach F. H., Albertini R. H., Amos D. B., Ceppellini R., Mattiuz P. L., Miggiano V. C.: Mixed Leukocyte Culture Studies in Families with Known HL-A Genotypes — Transplant. Proc.1, 339, 1969.

Bach J. F., Debray-Sachs M., Crosnier J., Creis H., Dormont J.: Correlation between MLC Performed before Renal Transplantation and Kidney Function — Clin. exp. Immunol.6, 821, 1970.

Bach F. H., Widmer M. B., Bach M. L., Klein J.: Serologically Defined and Lymphocyte Defined Components of the Major Histocompatibility Complex in the Mouse — J. exp. Med.136, 1430, 1972a.

Bach F. H., Widmer M. B., Segall M., Bach M. L., Klein J.: Genetic and Immunological Complexity of Major Histocompatibility Regions — Science176, 1024, 1972b.

Cochrum K., Perkins H., Payne R., Kountz S., Belzer F.: Correlation between Mixed Lymphocyte Culture Performed before Renal Transplantation and Kidney Function — Transplant. Proc.1, 391, 1973.

Dausset J.: The HL-A Complex in Kidney Transplantation — Clin. Nephrol.2, 1, 1974.

Dupont B., Andersen V., Ernst P., Faher V., Good R. A., Hansen G. S., Henriksen K., Jensen K., Juhl R., Killman S. A., Koch C., Miller-Berat N., Park B. H., Svejgaard A., Thomsen M., Woik A.: Immunological Reconstitution in Severe Combined Immunodeficiency with HL-A Incompatible Bone Marrow Graft: Donor Selection by Mixed Leukocyte Culture — Transplant. Proc.5, 905, 1973.

Dupont B., Jersild C., Grete S., Nielsen L., Thomsen M., Svejgaard A.: Typing for MLC Determinants by Means of LD-Homozygote and LD-Heterozygote Test Cells — Transplant. Proc.5, 1543, 1973.

Eijsvoogel V. P., du Bois M. J. G. J., Melief C. J. M., de Groot-Kooy M. L., Koning C., van Leeuwen A., van Rood J. J., du Toit E., Schellekens P.Th.A.: Position of a Locus Determining Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction (MLR) Distinct from the Known HL-A Loci and its Relation to Cell-Mediated Lympholysis (CML) — In:Dausset J., Colombain J. (Eds): Histocompatibility Testing 1972. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1973; p. 501.

Elkins W. L., Kavathas P., Bach F. H.: Activity of T Cells by H-2 Factors in the Graft Versus Host Reactions — Transplant. Proc.5, 1759, 1973.

Häyry P., Defendi V.: Mixed Lymphocyte Cultures Produce Effector Cells: Model in Vitro for Allograft Rejection — Science168, 133, 1970.

Histocompatibility Testing 1970 — Terasaki P. I. (Ed.). Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1970.18) Klein J.,Park J. M.: Graft Versus Host Reaction across Different Regions of the H-2 Complex of the Mouse — J. exp. Med.137, 1213, 1973.

Koch C. T., van Hooff J. P., van Leeuwen A., van den Tweel J. G., Frederiks C., van der Steen G., Schippers H. M. A., an Rood J. J.: The Relative Importance of Matching for the MLC Versus the HL-A Loci in Organ Transplantation — In:Dausset J., Colombain J. (Eds): Histocompatibility Testing 1972. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1973; p. 521.

Lightbody J. J., Bach F. H.: Specificity of Destruction by Lymphocytes Activated in Mixed Leukocyte Culture — Transplant. Proc.4, 307, 1972.

Livnat S., Klein J., Bach F. H.: Graft Versus Host Reactions in Strains of Mice Identical for H-2K and H-2D Antigens — Nature (New Biology)243, 42, 1973.

Mayr W., Bernoco D., DeMarchi M., Ceppellini R.: Genetic Analysis and Biological Properties of Products of the Third SD [AJ] Locus of the HL-A Region — Transplant. Proc.5, 1581, 1973.

Mempel W., Grosse-Wilde H., Baumann P., Netzel B., Steinbauer-Rosenthal I., Scholz S., Bertrams J., Albert E. D.: Population Genetics of the MLC Response: Typing for MLC Determinants Using Homozygous and Heterozygous Reference Cells — Transplant. Proc.5, 1529, 1973.

Meo T., David C. S., Nabholz M., Miggiano V. C., Shreffler D. C.: Demonstration by MLR Test of a Previously Unsuspected Intra-H-2 Crossover in the B10.HTT Strain, Implications Concerning Location of MLR Determinants in the Ir Region — Transplant. Proc.5, 1507, 1973.

Miggiano V. C., Bernoco D., Lightbody J. J., Trinchieri G., Ceppellini R.: Cell Mediated Lympholysis in Vitro with Normal Lymphocytes as Target, Specificity and Cross Reactivity of the Test — Transplant. Proc.4, 231, 1972.

Rodey G. E., Bortin M. M., Bach F. H., Rimm A. A.: Phenotypic Expressions of the Major Histocompatibility Locus in Man — Transplantation17, 84, 1974.

Schendel D. J., Alter B. J., Bach F. H.: The Involvement of LD- and SD-Region Differences in MLC and CML — A ‘Three-Cell’ Experiment — Transplant. Proc.5, 1651, 1973.

Segall M., Bach F. H.: Possible Relationships among HL-A Histocompatibility Components — Transplant. Proc.5, 1595, 1973.

Solheim B. G., Thorsby E.: Evidence of a Third HL-A Locus — Transplant. Proc.5, 1575, 1973.

Solliday S., Bach F. H.: Cytotoxicity: Specificity after in Vitro Sensitization — Science170, 1406, 1970.

Storb R., Buckner C. D., Fefer A., Clift R. A., Neiman P. E., Glucksberg H., Lerner K. G., Thomas E. D.: Marrow Transplantation in Aplastic Anemia — Transplant. Proc. (In Press).

Svejgaard A., Nielsen L. S., Ryder L. P., Kissmeyer-Nielsen F., Sandberg L., Linholm A., Thorsby E.: In:Dausset J., Colombain J. (Eds): Histocompatibility Testing 1972. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1973; p. 465.

Uehling D. T., Malek G. H., Kisken A. W., Newton A., Weinstein A. B., Bach F. H.: Renal Transplant Donor Selection by Mixed Leukocyte Culture — J. Urol. (Baltimore)3, 137, 1974.

van der Tweel J. G., Bluss-van Oud Alblas A., Keuning J. J., Goulmy E., Termijtelen A., Bach M. L., van Rood J. J.: Typing for MLC (LD). I. Lymphocytes from Cousin Marriages Offspring as Typing Cells — Transplant. Proc.5, 1535, 1973.

van Leeuwen A., Schuit R., van Rood J. J.: The Selection of Non-Stimulator Cells by MLC Inhibition Tests Using SD Identical Stimulator Cells (MISIS) and Fluorescent Antibody Studies — Transplant. Proc.5, 1539, 1973.

van Rood J. J.: Seminars in Hematology11, 253, 1974.

Widmer M. B., Peck A. B., Bach F. H.: Genetic Mapping of H-2 Loci — Transplant. Proc.5, 1501, 1973.

Yunis E. J., Amos D. B.: Three Closely Linked Genetic Systems Relevant to Transplantation — Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.)68, 3031, 1971.

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

International Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Research

Tập 4

527-539

Thông tin tác giả