Antiphospholipid syndrome

Cervera, 2002, Antiphospholipid syndrome: clinical and immunologic manifestations and patterns of disease expression in a cohort of 1,000 patients, Arthritis Rheum, 46, 1019, 10.1002/art.10187

Miyakis, 2006, International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), J Thromb Haemost, 4, 295, 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.01753.x

McNeil, 1990, Anti-phospholipid antibodies are directed against a complex antigen that includes a lipid-binding inhibitor of coagulation: beta 2-glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H), Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 87, 4120, 10.1073/pnas.87.11.4120

Galli, 1990, Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) directed not to cardiolipin but to a plasma protein cofactor, Lancet, 335, 1544, 10.1016/0140-6736(90)91374-J

Matsuura, 1990, Anticardiolipin cofactor(s) and differential diagnosis of autoimmune disease, Lancet, 336, 177, 10.1016/0140-6736(90)91697-9

Pengo, 2009, Update of the guidelines for lupus anticoagulant detection. Subcommittee on Lupus Anticoagulant/Antiphospholipid Antibody of the Scientific and Standardisation Committee of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis, J Thromb Haemost, 7, 1737, 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03555.x

Asherson, 2003, Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: international consensus statement on classification criteria and treatment guidelines, Lupus, 12, 530, 10.1191/0961203303lu394oa

Cervera, 2009, Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS): descriptive analysis of a series of 280 patients from the “CAPS Registry”, J Autoimmun, 32, 240, 10.1016/j.jaut.2009.02.008

Cervera, 2006, V meeting of the European forum on antiphospholipid antibodies, Autoimmun Rev, 5, 499, 10.1016/j.autrev.2006.01.001

Erkan, 2010, Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: updated diagnostic algorithms, Autoimmun Rev, 10, 74, 10.1016/j.autrev.2010.08.005

Pengo, 2010, Clinical course of high-risk patients diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome, J Thromb Haemost, 8, 237, 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03674.x

Sene, 2008, Antiphospholipid antibodies, antiphospholipid syndrome and infections, Autoimmun Rev, 7, 272, 10.1016/j.autrev.2007.10.001

Oosting, 1992, Lupus anticoagulant activity is frequently dependent on the presence of beta 2-glycoprotein I, Thromb Haemost, 67, 499, 10.1055/s-0038-1648480

Roubey, 1992, Lupus anticoagulant activity of autoimmune antiphospholipid antibodies is dependent upon beta 2-glycoprotein I, J Clin Invest, 90, 1100, 10.1172/JCI115926

de Laat, 2005, IgG antibodies that recognize epitope Gly40-Arg43 in domain I of beta 2-glycoprotein I cause LAC, and their presence correlates strongly with thrombosis, Blood, 105, 1540, 10.1182/blood-2004-09-3387

Bevers, 1991, Lupus anticoagulant IgG's (LA) are not directed to phospholipids only, but to a complex of lipid-bound human prothrombin, Thromb Haemost, 66, 629, 10.1055/s-0038-1646476

Galli, 2003, Lupus anticoagulants are stronger risk factors for thrombosis than anticardiolipin antibodies in the antiphospholipid syndrome: a systematic review of the literature, Blood, 101, 1827, 10.1182/blood-2002-02-0441

Urbanus, 2009, Antiphospholipid antibodies and risk of myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke in young women in the RATIO study: a case-control study, Lancet Neurol, 8, 998, 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70239-X

Iverson, 1998, Anti-beta2 glycoprotein I (beta2GPI) autoantibodies recognize an epitope on the first domain of beta2GPI, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95, 15542, 10.1073/pnas.95.26.15542

de Laat, 2006, Pathogenic anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies recognize domain I of beta2-glycoprotein I only after a conformational change, Blood, 107, 1916, 10.1182/blood-2005-05-1943

Ioannou, 2007, Binding of antiphospholipid antibodies to discontinuous epitopes on domain I of human beta(2)-glycoprotein I: mutation studies including residues R39 to R43, Arthritis Rheum, 56, 280, 10.1002/art.22306

Pengo, 2005, Antibody profiles for the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome, Thromb Haemost, 93, 1147, 10.1160/TH04-12-0839

Ruffatti, 2008, Influence of different IgG anticardiolipin antibody cut-off values on antiphospholipid syndrome classification, J Thromb Haemost, 6, 1693, 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03121.x

Brey, 2001, beta(2)-Glycoprotein 1-dependent anticardiolipin antibodies and risk of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction: the honolulu heart program, Stroke, 32, 1701, 10.1161/01.STR.32.8.1701

de Groot, 2005, Lupus anticoagulants and the risk of a first episode of deep venous thrombosis, J Thromb Haemost, 3, 1993, 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01485.x

Tincani, 2009, European attempts for the standardisation of the antiphospholipid antibodies, Lupus, 18, 913, 10.1177/0961203309106919

Galli, 2007, Clinical significance of different antiphospholipid antibodies in the WAPS (warfarin in the antiphospholipid syndrome) study, Blood, 110, 1178, 10.1182/blood-2007-01-066043

Ruffatti, 2006, Antibody profile and clinical course in primary antiphospholipid syndrome with pregnancy morbidity, Thromb Haemost, 96, 337, 10.1160/TH06-05-0287

Forastiero, 2005, A prospective study of antibodies to beta2-glycoprotein I and prothrombin, and risk of thrombosis, J Thromb Haemost, 3, 1231, 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01295.x

Tektonidou, 2009, Risk factors for thrombosis and primary thrombosis prevention in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with or without antiphospholipid antibodies, Arthritis Rheum, 61, 29, 10.1002/art.24232

Cervera, 2009, Morbidity and mortality in the antiphospholipid syndrome during a 5-year period: a multicentre prospective study of 1000 patients, Ann Rheum Dis, 68, 1428, 10.1136/ard.2008.093179

Ruiz-Irastorza, 2007, A systematic review of secondary thromboprophylaxis in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies, Arthritis Rheum, 57, 1487, 10.1002/art.23109

Ruiz-Irastorza, 2002, Bleeding and recurrent thrombosis in definite antiphospholipid syndrome: analysis of a series of 66 patients treated with oral anticoagulation to a target international normalized ratio of 3.5, Arch Intern Med, 162, 1164, 10.1001/archinte.162.10.1164

Crowther, 2003, A comparison of two intensities of warfarin for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, N Engl J Med, 349, 1133, 10.1056/NEJMoa035241

Finazzi, 2005, A randomized clinical trial of high-intensity warfarin vs. conventional antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (WAPS), J Thromb Haemost, 3, 848, 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01340.x

Schulman, 1998, Anticardiolipin antibodies predict early recurrence of thromboembolism and death among patients with venous thromboembolism following anticoagulant therapy. Duration of Anticoagulation Study Group, Am J Med, 104, 332, 10.1016/S0002-9343(98)00060-6

Ruiz-Irastorza, 2011, Evidence-based recommendations for the prevention and long-term management of thrombosis in antiphospholipid antibody-positive patients: report of a task force at the 13th International Congress on antiphospholipid antibodies, Lupus, 20, 206, 10.1177/0961203310395803

Levine, 2004, Antiphospholipid antibodies and subsequent thrombo-occlusive events in patients with ischemic stroke, JAMA, 291, 576, 10.1001/jama.291.5.576

Okuma, 2009, Comparison between single antiplatelet therapy and combination of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy for secondary prevention in ischemic stroke patients with antiphospholipid syndrome, Int J Med Sci, 7, 15

Ruiz-Irastorza, 2010, Clinical efficacy and side effects of antimalarials in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review, Ann Rheum Dis, 69, 20, 10.1136/ard.2008.101766

Rand, 2010, Hydroxychloroquine protects the annexin A5 anticoagulant shield from disruption by antiphospholipid antibodies: evidence for a novel effect for an old antimalarial drug, Blood, 115, 2292, 10.1182/blood-2009-04-213520

Erkan, 2013, Could statins be a new therapeutic option for antiphospholipid syndrome patients?, Expert Rev Hematol, 6, 115, 10.1586/ehm.13.8

Erkan, 2013, A pilot open-label phase II trial of rituximab for non-criteria manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome, Arthritis Rheum, 65, 464, 10.1002/art.37759

Bucciarelli, 2006, Mortality in the catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: causes of death and prognostic factors in a series of 250 patients, Arthritis Rheum, 54, 2568, 10.1002/art.22018

Asherson, 2001, Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: clues to the pathogenesis from a series of 80 patients, Medicine (Baltimore), 80, 355, 10.1097/00005792-200111000-00002

Cervera, 2012, Update on the catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome and the “CAPS Registry”, Semin Thromb Hemost, 38, 333, 10.1055/s-0032-1304718

Cervera, 2012, 8th International Congress on Autoimmunity: new perspectives for refractory catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome, Expert Rev Clin Immunol, 8, 617, 10.1586/eci.12.48