Antioxidant Molecules from Plant Waste: Extraction Techniques and Biological Properties

Processes - Tập 8 Số 12 - Trang 1566
Cynthia Esmeralda Lizárraga-Velázquez1, Nayely Leyva‐López1,2, Crisantema Hernández1, Erick P. Gutiérrez‐Grijalva3, Jesús Aarón Salazar‐Leyva4, Idalia Osuna‐Ruíz4, Emmanuel Martínez‐Montaño5, Javier Arrizón6, Abraham Guerrero1,2, Asahel Benítez-Hernández7, Anaguiven Avalos‐Soriano1,2
1Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Av. Sábalo Cerritos S/N, S/C, Mazatlán C.P. 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico;
2Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Av. Sábalo Cerritos S/N, S/C, Mazatlán C.P. 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico
3Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera a Eldorado Km. 5.5, Col. Campo El Diez, Culiacán C.P. 80110, Sinaloa, Mexico;
4Maestría en Ciencias Aplicadas, Unidad Académica de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Carretera Mazatlán-Higueras km 3, Mazatlán C.P. 82199, Sinaloa, Mexico;
5Cátedras CONACYT-Maestría en Ciencias Aplicadas, Unidad Académica de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Carretera Mazatlán-Higueras km 3, Mazatlán C.P. 82199, Sinaloa, Mexico;
6Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Unidad Zapopan, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajio, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico;
7Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Av. Paseo Claussen s/n AP 178, Los Pinos, Mazatlán 82000, Sinaloa, Mexico;

Tóm tắt

The fruit, vegetable, legume, and cereal industries generate many wastes, representing an environmental pollution problem. However, these wastes are a rich source of antioxidant molecules such as terpenes, phenolic compounds, phytosterols, and bioactive peptides with potential applications mainly in the food and pharmaceutical industries, and they exhibit multiple biological properties including antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antihypertensive, anticancer, and antibacterial properties. The aforementioned has increased studies on the recovery of antioxidant compounds using green technologies to value plant waste, since they represent more efficient and sustainable processes. In this review, the main antioxidant molecules from plants are briefly described and the advantages and disadvantages of the use of conventional and green extraction technologies used for the recovery and optimization of the yield of antioxidant naturals are detailed; finally, recent studies on biological properties of antioxidant molecules extracted from plant waste are presented here.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

FAO (2020, November 12). Strategic Work of FAO for Sustainable Food and Agriculture. Available online: http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6488e.pdf.

FAO (2020, November 12). The State of Food and Agriculture Moving Forward on Food Loss and Waste Reduction. Available online: http://www.fao.org/3/ca6030en/ca6030en.pdf.

Esparza, 2020, Fruit and vegetable waste management: Conventional and emerging approaches, Australas. J. Environ. Manag., 265, 110510

FAO (2020, November 12). Utilization of Fruit and Vegetable Wastes as Livestock Feed and as Substrates for Generation of Other Value Added Products. Available online: http://www.fao.org/3/i3273e/i3273e.pdf.

Belc, N., Mustatea, G., Apostol, L., Iorga, S., Vlăduţ, V.-N., and Mosoiu, C. (2019, January 20). Cereal supply chain waste in the context of circular economy. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Thermal Equipment, Renewable Energy and Rural Development (TE-RE-RD 2019), Târgovişte, Romania.

Leyva-López, N., Lizárraga-Velázquez, C.E., Hernández, C., and Sánchez-Gutiérrez, E.Y. (2020). Exploitation of agro-industrial waste as potential source of bioactive compounds for aquaculture. Foods, 9.

Balasundram, 2006, Phenolic compounds in plants and agri-industrial by-products: Antioxidant activity, occurrence, and potential uses, Food Chem., 99, 191, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.07.042

Espinosa Andrews, H., García Marquez, E., and Gastelum Martínez, E. (2016). Actividad biológica de los terpenos en el área agroalimentaria. Los Compuestos Bioactivos y Tecnologías de Extracción, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A. C. (CIATEJ).

2020, Microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction of plant protein with antioxidant compounds from the food waste sesame bran: Comparative optimization study and identification of metabolomics using LC/Q-TOF/MS, J. Food Process. Preserv., 44, e14304

Yoshida, 2003, Antioxidant effects of phytosterol and its components, J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol., 49, 277, 10.3177/jnsv.49.277

Alongi, 2019, Reducing the glycemic index of short dough biscuits by using apple pomace as a functional ingredient, LWT Food Sci. Technol., 100, 300, 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.10.068

Dang, 2019, In vitro and in vivo studies on the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity peptides isolated from broccoli protein hydrolysate, J. Agric. Food Chem., 67, 6757, 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01137

Guesmi, 2017, Antinflammatory and anticancer effects of terpenes from oily fractions of Teucruim alopecurus, blocker of IκBα kinase, through downregulation of NF-κB activation, potentiation of apoptosis and suppression of NF-κB-regulated gene expression, Biomed. Pharmacother., 95, 1876, 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.115

Gautam, 2020, Phytosterol-loaded CD44 receptor-targeted PEGylated nano-hybrid phyto-liposomes for synergistic chemotherapy, Expert Opin. Drug Del., 17, 423, 10.1080/17425247.2020.1727442

Santos, 2017, Supplementation with Vitis vinifera L. skin extract improves insulin resistance and prevents hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis in high-fat diet-fed mice, Nutr. Res., 43, 69, 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.05.007

Fierascu, R.C., Fierascu, I., Avramescu, S.M., and Sieniawska, E. (2019). Recovery of natural antioxidants from agro-industrial side streams through advanced extraction techniques. Molecules, 24.

Kumar, 2017, Food waste: A potential bioresource for extraction of nutraceuticals and bioactive compounds, Bioresour. Bioprocess., 4, 18, 10.1186/s40643-017-0148-6

Saini, 2019, Valorization of fruits and vegetables waste through green extraction of bioactive compounds and their nanoemulsions-based delivery system, Bioresour. Bioprocess., 6, 26, 10.1186/s40643-019-0261-9

Panzella, 2020, Bioactive phenolic compounds from agri-food wastes: An update on green and sustainable extraction methodologies, Front. Nutr., 7, 60, 10.3389/fnut.2020.00060

Colantuono, 2016, In vitro bioaccessibility and functional properties of polyphenols from pomegranate peels and pomegranate peels-enriched cookies, Food Funct., 7, 4247, 10.1039/C6FO00942E

Hou, 2019, α-Pinene induces apoptotic cell death via caspase activation in human ovarian cancer cells, Med. Sci. Monit., 25, 6631, 10.12659/MSM.916419

Gajendran, 2020, A novel phytosterol isolated from Datura inoxia, RinoxiaB is a potential cure colon cancer agent by targeting BAX/Bcl2 pathway, Bioorg. Med. Chem., 28, 115242, 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115242

Urquiaga, I., Troncoso, D., Mackenna, M.J., Urzua, C., Perez, D., Dicenta, S., de la Cerda, P.M., Amigo, L., Carreno, J.C., and Echeverria, G. (2018). The consumption of beef burgers prepared with wine grape pomace flour improves fasting glucose, plasma antioxidant levels, and oxidative damage markers in humans: A controlled trial. Nutrients, 10.

Zhang, 2015, Antioxidant phytochemicals for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, Molecules, 20, 21138, 10.3390/molecules201219753

Fierascu, 2020, Fruits by-products-A source of valuable active principles. A short review, Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 8, 319, 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00319

Puchalska, 2015, Fractionation and identification of antioxidant and angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitory peptides obtained from plum (Prunus domestica L.) stones, J. Funct. Food., 19, 376, 10.1016/j.jff.2015.08.033

He, 2019, Rapeseed protein-derived peptides, LY, RALP, and GHS, modulates key enzymes and intermediate products of renin–angiotensin system pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rat, NPJ Sci. Food, 3, 1, 10.1038/s41538-018-0033-5

Liu, 2016, Enzyme-assisted extraction processing from oilseeds: Principle, processing and application, Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol., 35, 184, 10.1016/j.ifset.2016.05.002

Moayedi, 2018, Peptidomic analysis of antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory peptides obtained from tomato waste proteins fermented using Bacillus Subtilis, Food Chem., 250, 180, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.01.033

Orellana, 2019, Isolation and characterization of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from peach seed hydrolysates: In vivo assessment of antihypertensive activity, J. Agric. Food Chem., 67, 10313, 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02213

Wang, 2017, A novel antioxidant and ACE inhibitory peptide from rice bran protein: Biochemical characterization and molecular docking study, LWT Food Sci. Technol., 75, 93, 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.08.047

Zheng, 2019, ACE-inhibitory and antioxidant peptides from coconut cake albumin hydrolysates: Purification, identification and synthesis, RSC Adv., 9, 5925, 10.1039/C8RA10269D

Zhou, 2020, Digestive enzyme inhibition of different phenolic fractions and main phenolic compounds of ultra-high-pressure-treated palm fruits: Interaction and molecular docking analyses, J. Food Qual., 2020, 8811597, 10.1155/2020/8811597

Teixeira, 2016, Investigation on chemical composition and optimization of essential oil obtainment from waste Pinus taeda L. using hydrodistillation, Braz. Arch. Biol. Technol., 59, e16150043, 10.1590/1678-4324-2016150043

Jorge, 2017, Bioactive compounds of oils extracted from fruits seeds obtained from agroindustrial waste, Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol., 119, 1600024, 10.1002/ejlt.201600024

Jiang, 2005, Phytosterols in cereal by-products, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 82, 439, 10.1007/s11746-005-1090-5

Uddin, 2018, Techniques for the extraction of phytosterols and their benefits in human health: A review, Sep. Sci. Technol., 53, 2206, 10.1080/01496395.2018.1454472

Gençdağ, E., Görgüç, A., and Yılmaz, F.M. (2020). Recent advances in the recovery techniques of plant-based proteins from agro-industrial by-products. Food Rev. Int., 1–22.

Singh, 2015, Plant terpenes: Defense responses, phylogenetic analysis, regulation and clinical applications, 3 Biotech., 5, 129, 10.1007/s13205-014-0220-2

Matus, 2017, Anti-proliferative effect of terpenes on human prostate cancer cells: Natural sources and their potential role as chemopreventive agents, Rev. Chil. Nutr., 44, 371, 10.4067/S0717-75182017000400371

Wink, 2010, Biochemistry of terpenoids: Monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and diterpenes, Annual Plant Reviews Online, Volume 40, 258

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2020, November 19). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 5281520, Humulene, Available online: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Humulene.

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2020, November 20). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 6654, Alpha-Pinene, Available online: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/alpha-Pinene.

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2020, November 19). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 16061204, Lutein, Available online: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Lutein-G.

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2020, November 19). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 446925, Lycopene, Available online: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Lycopene.

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2020, September 09). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 5280863, Kaempferol, Available online: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Kaempferol.

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2020, November 19). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 370, Gallic Acid, Available online: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Gallic-acid.

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2020, November 20). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 73160, Catechin, Available online: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Catechin.

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2020, November 19). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 72276, Epicatechin, Available online: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Epicatechin.

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2020, November 19). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 173183, Campesterol, Available online: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Campesterol.

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2020, November 19). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 222284, beta-Sitosterol, Available online: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/beta-Sitosterol.

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2020, November 19). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 5280794, Stigmasterol, Available online: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Stigmasterol.

Schrader, J., and Bohlmann, J. (2015). Biotechnology of Isoprenoids, Springer.

Chudzik, 2015, Triterpenes as potentially cytotoxic compounds, Molecules, 20, 1610, 10.3390/molecules20011610

Bjarke, A. (2018). Terpenes in oregano: Constituents, extraction, analysis and biological properties. Terpenes: Biosynthesis, Applications and Research, Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

Barreto, 2016, Evidence for the involvement of TNF-α and IL-1β in the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. (Lamiaceae) essential oil and (-)-α-bisabolol, its main compound, in mice, J. Ethnopharmacol., 191, 9, 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.022

Sarmento-Neto, J.F., Do Nascimento, L.G., Felipe, C.F.B., and De Sousa, D.P. (2016). Analgesic potential of essential oils. Molecules, 21.

Gouveia, 2018, Monoterpenes as perspective to chronic pain management: A systematic review, Curr. Drug Targets, 19, 960, 10.2174/1389450118666170711145308

Nair, 2016, Protective role of terpenes and polyphenols from three species of Oregano (Lippia graveolens, Lippia palmeri and Hedeoma patens) on the suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, J. Ethnopharmacol., 187, 302, 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.051

Dutra, 2012, Euphol, a tetracyclic triterpene produces antinociceptive effects in inflammatory and neuropathic pain: The involvement of cannabinoid system, Neuropharmacology, 63, 593, 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.05.008

Brito, 2015, Enhanced analgesic activity by cyclodextrins–a systematic review and meta-analysis, Expert Opin. Drug Del., 12, 1677, 10.1517/17425247.2015.1046835

Zamilpa, 2015, Effect of hautriwaic acid isolated from Dodonaea viscosa in a model of kaolin/carrageenan-induced monoarthritis, Planta Med., 81, 1240, 10.1055/s-0035-1546197

Wen, 2015, Clinical efficacy of andrographolide sulfonate in the treatment of severe hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is dependent upon inhibition of neutrophil activation, Phytother. Res., 29, 1161, 10.1002/ptr.5361

Nazzaro, F., Fratianni, F., Coppola, R., and Feo, V.D. (2017). Essential oils and antifungal activity. Pharmaceuticals, 10.

Hansen, 2016, Limonene and its ozone-initiated reaction products attenuate allergic lung inflammation in mice, J. Immunotoxicol., 13, 793, 10.1080/1547691X.2016.1195462

Valdivieso-Ugarte, M., Gomez-Llorente, C., Plaza-Díaz, J., and Gil, Á. (2019). Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties of essential oils: A systematic review. Nutrients, 11.

Pandey, 2017, Essential oils: Sources of antimicrobials and food preservatives, Front. Microbiol., 7, 2161, 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02161

Meng, 2016, Chemical composition, antibacterial activity and related mechanism of the essential oil from the leaves of Juniperus rigida Sieb. et Zucc against Klebsiella pneumoniae, J. Ethnopharmacol., 194, 698, 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.050

Montironi, 2016, Evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of Minthostachys verticillata essential oil and limonene against Streptococcus uberis strains isolated from bovine mastitis, Rev. Arg. Microbiol., 48, 210

Yang, 2020, Effects of dietary supplementation with essential oils and organic acids on the growth performance, immune system, fecal volatile fatty acids, and microflora community in weaned piglets, J. Anim. Sci., 97, 133, 10.1093/jas/sky426

Saini, 2015, Carotenoids from fruits and vegetables: Chemistry, analysis, occurrence, bioavailability and biological activities, Food Res. Int., 76, 735, 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.07.047

Britton, 2020, Carotenoid research: History and new perspectives for chemistry in biological systems, BBA-Mol. Cell. Biol. L., 1865, 158699

Tan, K., Zhang, H., Lim, L.-S., Ma, H., Li, S., and Zheng, H. (2020). Roles of carotenoids in invertebrate immunology. Front. Immunol., 10.

Heredia, 2018, Effect of hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidants from mango peel (Mangifera indica L. cv. Ataulfo) on lipid peroxidation in fish oil, CyTA-J. Food, 16, 1095, 10.1080/19476337.2018.1513425

Ramawat, K.G., and Mérillon, J.-M. (2013). Sesquiterpenes and cytotoxicity. Natural products: Phytochemistry, Botany and Metabolism of Alkaloids, Phenolics and Terpenes, Springer.

Langhasova, 2014, Essential oil from Myrica rubra leaves inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in several human intestinal lines, Ind. Crop. Prod., 59, 20, 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.04.018

Vermerris, W., and Nicholson, R. (2006). Families of phenolic compounds and means of classification. Phenolic Compound Biochemistry, Springer.

Heredia, 2016, Review: Dietary phenolic compounds, health benefits and bioaccessibility, Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición, 66, 87

Tungmunnithum, D., Thongboonyou, A., Pholboon, A., and Yangsabai, A. (2018). Flavonoids and other phenolic compounds from medicinal plants for pharmaceutical and medical aspects: An overview. Medicines, 5.

Khan, 2020, Anti-cancer effects of polyphenols via targeting p53 signaling pathway: Updates and future directions, Biotechnol. Adv., 38, 107385, 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.04.007

Gylling, 2015, Phytosterols, phytostanols, and lipoprotein metabolism, Nutrients, 7, 7965, 10.3390/nu7095374

Shahzad, 2017, Phytosterols as a natural anticancer agent: Current status and future perspective, Biomed. Pharmacother., 88, 786, 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.068

Almagro, 2016, Bioactivity of phytosterols and their production in plant in vitro cultures, J. Agric. Food Chem., 64, 7049, 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02345

Zaloga, 2015, Phytosterols, lipid administration, and liver disease during parenteral nutrition, JPEN J. Parenter. Enteral. Nutr., 39, 39S, 10.1177/0148607115595978

Comunian, 2016, Microencapsulation using biopolymers as an alternative to produce food enhanced with phytosterols and omega-3 fatty acids: A review, Food Hydrocolloid., 61, 442, 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.06.003

Lin, 2016, Phytosterol oxidation products (POP) in foods with added phytosterols and estimation of their daily intake: A literature review, Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol., 118, 1423, 10.1002/ejlt.201500368

Ogbe, 2015, A review on dietary phytosterols: Their occurrence, metabolism and health benefits, Asian J. Plant Sci. Res., 5, 10

Ramprasath, 2015, Role of phytosterols in cancer prevention and treatment, J. AOAC Int., 98, 735, 10.5740/jaoacint.SGERamprasath

Plat, J., Hendrikx, T., Bieghs, V., Jeurissen, M.L., Walenbergh, S.M., van Gorp, P.J., De Smet, E., Konings, M., Vreugdenhil, A.C., and Guichot, Y.D. (2014). Protective role of plant sterol and stanol esters in liver inflammation: Insights from mice and humans. PLoS ONE, 9.

Rico, 2020, Recovery of high value-added compounds from pineapple, melon, watermelon and pumpkin processing by-products: An overview, Food Res. Int., 132, 109086, 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109086

Ben-Othman, S., Jõudu, I., and Bhat, R. (2020). Bioactives from agri-food wastes: Present insights and future challenges. Molecules, 25.

Banerjee, 2017, Bioactives from fruit processing wastes: Green approaches to valuable chemicals, Food Chem., 225, 10, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.12.093

Meneguetti, 2017, Antimicrobial peptides from fruits and their potential use as biotechnological tools—A review and outlook, Front. Microbiol., 7, 2136, 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02136

Cardoso, 2014, Identification of a napin-like peptide from Eugenia malaccensis L. Seeds with inhibitory activity toward Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enteritidis, Protein J., 33, 549, 10.1007/s10930-014-9587-5

Zhang, 2018, Techniques for extraction and isolation of natural products: A comprehensive review, Chin. Med., 13, 20, 10.1186/s13020-018-0177-x

Chemat, 2017, Ultrasound assisted extraction of food and natural products. Mechanisms, techniques, combinations, protocols and applications. A review, Ultrason. Sonochem., 34, 540, 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.06.035

Ludwiczuk, A., Skalicka-Woźniak, K., and Georgiev, M. (2017). Chapter 11-Terpenoids A2-Badal, Simone. Pharmacognosy, Academic Press.

Yadav, 2014, Chemistry of terpenoids, Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 27, 272

Uysal, 2019, Optimization of maceration conditions for improving the extraction of phenolic compounds and antioxidant effects of Momordica charantia L. leaves through response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANNs), Anal. Lett., 52, 2150, 10.1080/00032719.2019.1599007

Soquetta, 2018, Green technologies for the extraction of bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables, CyTA-J. Food, 16, 400, 10.1080/19476337.2017.1411978

Gupta, 2012, Modern extraction methods for preparation of bioactive plant extracts, Int. J. Appl. Nat. Sci., 1, 8

Gololo, 2016, Isolation of a mixture of phytosterol compounds from the n-Hexane extract of Jatropha lagarinthoides (Sond) collected from Zebediela sub-region in Limpopo province, South Africa, J. Chem. Pharm. Sci., 9, 3084

Azmir, 2013, Techniques for extraction of bioactive compounds from plant materials: A review, J. Food Eng., 117, 426, 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.01.014

Safdar, 2017, Extraction and quantification of polyphenols from kinnow (Citrus reticulate L.) peel using ultrasound and maceration techniques, J. Food Drug Anal., 25, 488, 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.07.010

Kehili, 2017, Supercritical CO2 extraction and antioxidant activity of lycopene and β-carotene-enriched oleoresin from tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) peels by-product of a Tunisian industry, Food Bioprod. Process., 102, 340, 10.1016/j.fbp.2017.02.002

Silva, 2016, Phenolics extraction from sweet potato peels: Modelling and optimization by response surface modelling and artificial neural network, J. Food Sci. Tech., 53, 4117, 10.1007/s13197-016-2354-1

Alrugaibah, 2021, Use natural deep eutectic solvents as efficient green reagents to extract procyanidins and anthocyanins from cranberry pomace and predictive modeling by RSM and artificial neural networking, Sep. Purifi. Technol., 255, 117720, 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117720

Tongnuanchan, 2014, Essential oils: Extraction, bioactivities, and their uses for food preservation, J. Food Sci., 79, R1231, 10.1111/1750-3841.12492

Wu, 2017, Electrofluidic pretreatment for enhancing essential oil extraction from citrus fruit peel waste, J. Clean. Prod., 159, 85, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.05.010

Bustamante, 2016, Microwave assisted hydro-distillation of essential oils from wet citrus peel waste, J. Clean. Prod., 137, 598, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.07.108

Sui, 2014, Combined effect of pH and high temperature on the stability and antioxidant capacity of two anthocyanins in aqueous solution, Food Chem., 163, 163, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.075

Nadar, 2018, Enzyme assisted extraction of biomolecules as an approach to novel extraction technology: A review, Food Res. Int., 108, 309, 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.03.006

Tiwari, 2018, Eco-innovative technologies for extraction of proteins for human consumption from renewable protein sources of plant origin, Trends Food Sci. Tech., 75, 93, 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.03.010

Catalkaya, 2019, Optimization of enzyme assisted extraction of lycopene from industrial tomato waste, Sep. Purifi. Technol., 219, 55, 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.03.006

Tomaz, 2016, Recovery of flavonoids from grape skins by enzyme-assisted extraction, Sep. Sci. Technol., 51, 255, 10.1080/01496395.2015.1085881

Zuorro, A., Lavecchia, R., González-Delgado, Á.D., García-Martinez, J.B., and L’Abbate, P. (2019). Optimization of enzyme-assisted extraction of flavonoids from corn husks. Processes, 7.

Heredia, 2017, Optimized enzyme-aided extraction enhances recovery of carotenoids from tomato peel and improves the biological activity, Int. J. Pharma. Bio. Sci., 8, 721

2017, Bioactive peptides: A review, Food Qual. Saf., 1, 29, 10.1093/fqs/fyx006

Ngoh, 2016, Enzyme-assisted extraction and identification of antioxidative and α-amylase inhibitory peptides from Pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Pinto), Food Chem., 190, 331, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.120

Esteve, 2015, Novel strategy for the revalorization of olive (Olea europaea) residues based on the extraction of bioactive peptides, Food Chem., 167, 272, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.06.090

Fuglsang, 2003, Lactic acid bacteria: Inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme in vitro and in vivo, Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek., 83, 27, 10.1023/A:1022993905778

Karami, 2019, Response surface methodology to optimize hydrolysis parameters in production of antioxidant peptides from wheat germ protein by alcalase digestion and identification of antioxidant peptides by LC-MS/MS, J. Agricultur. Sci. Technol., 21, 829

Sonawane, 2017, Citrullus lanatus protein hydrolysate optimization for antioxidant potential, J. Food Meas. Charact., 11, 1834, 10.1007/s11694-017-9565-7

2007, Modeling and optimization I: Usability of response surface methodology, J. Food Eng., 78, 836, 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.11.024

Marathe, 2019, Improvements in the extraction of bioactive compounds by enzymes, Curr. Opin. Food Sci., 25, 62, 10.1016/j.cofs.2019.02.009

Bircan, 2019, Sesame bran as an unexploited by-product: Effect of enzyme and ultrasound-assisted extraction on the recovery of protein and antioxidant compounds, Food Chem., 283, 637, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.077

Marina, 2014, Plum (Prunus domestica, L.) by-product as a new and cheap source of bioactive peptides: Extraction method and peptides characterization, J. Funct. Food., 11, 428, 10.1016/j.jff.2014.10.020

Jahanbani, 2016, Antioxidant and anticancer activities of walnut (Juglans regia L.) protein hydrolysates using different proteases, Plant. Food Hum. Nutr., 71, 402, 10.1007/s11130-016-0576-z

Montone, 2018, Characterization of antioxidant and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides derived from cauliflower by-products by multidimensional liquid chromatography and bioinformatics, J. Funct. Food, 44, 40, 10.1016/j.jff.2018.02.022

Thamnarathip, 2016, Extraction and characterisation of R iceberry bran protein hydrolysate using enzymatic hydrolysis, Intern. J. Food Sci. Techol., 51, 194, 10.1111/ijfs.13008

Sonawane, 2017, Bioactive L. acidissima protein hydrolysates using Box–Behnken design, 3 Biotech, 7, 218, 10.1007/s13205-017-0862-y

Yu, 2020, A novel process for asparagus polyphenols utilization by ultrasound assisted adsorption and desorption using resins, Ultrason. Sonochem., 63, 104920, 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104920

Dzah, 2020, The effects of ultrasound assisted extraction on yield, antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial activity of polyphenol extracts: A review, Food Biosci., 35, 100547, 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100547

Dzah, 2020, Latest developments in polyphenol recovery and purification from plant by-products: A review, Trends Food Sci. Tech., 99, 375, 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.03.003

Wang, 2020, Degradation behavior of polyphenols in model aqueous extraction system based on mechanical and sonochemical effects induced by ultrasound, Sep. Purifi. Technol., 247, 116967, 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116967

Grassino, 2020, Application of high hydrostatic pressure and ultrasound-assisted extractions as a novel approach for pectin and polyphenols recovery from tomato peel waste, Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol., 64, 102424, 10.1016/j.ifset.2020.102424

Madrid, 2019, Citrus peels waste as a source of value-added compounds: Extraction and quantification of bioactive polyphenols, Food Chem., 295, 289, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.136

Drosou, 2015, A comparative study on different extraction techniques to recover red grape pomace polyphenols from vinification byproducts, Ind. Crop. Prod., 75, 141, 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.05.063

2020, Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of polyphenols and antioxidants from Picea abies bark, J. Biotechnol., 314–315, 25

Wang, 2019, Ultrasound assisted purification of polyphenols of apple skins by adsorption/desorption procedure, Ultrason. Sonochem., 55, 18, 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.03.002

Carbone, K., Amoriello, T., and Iadecola, R. (2020). Exploitation of kiwi juice pomace for the recovyer of natural antioxidants through microwave-assisted extraction. Agriculture, 10.

Ballesteros-Vivas, D., Ortega-Barbosa, J.P., Sánchez-Camargo, A.D.P., Rodríguez-Varela, L.I., and Parada-Alfonso, F. (2020). Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Bioactives. Reference Module in Food Science, Elsevier.

Wianowska, 2019, Critical approach to PLE technique application in the analysis of secondary metabolites in plants, TrAC Trend. Anal. Chem., 114, 314, 10.1016/j.trac.2019.03.018

Xu, 2015, Antioxidative phenolics obtained from spent coffee grounds (Coffea arabica L.) by subcritical water extraction, Ind. Crop. Prod., 76, 946, 10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.07.054

Santos, 2012, Optimization and economic evaluation of pressurized liquid extraction of phenolic compounds from jabuticaba skins, J. Food Eng., 108, 444, 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.08.022

Yan, 2017, Optimization of subcritical water extraction of phenolic antioxidants from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel by response surface methodology, Anal. Methods, 9, 4647, 10.1039/C7AY01475A

He, 2012, Subcritical water extraction of phenolic compounds from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seed residues and investigation into their antioxidant activities with HPLC–ABTS+ assay, Food Bioprod. Process., 90, 215, 10.1016/j.fbp.2011.03.003

Saravana, 2016, Optimization of phytochemicals production from the ginseng by-products using pressurized hot water: Experimental and dynamic modelling, Biochem. Eng. J., 113, 141, 10.1016/j.bej.2016.06.006

Plaza, 2019, Pressurized hot water extraction of bioactives, TrAC Trend. Anal. Chem., 116, 236, 10.1016/j.trac.2019.03.024

Lin, 2015, Subcritical water hydrolysis of rice straw for reducing sugar production with focus on degradation by-products and kinetic analysis, Bioresour. Technol., 186, 8, 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.047

Munir, 2018, Subcritical water extraction of bioactive compounds from waste onion skin, J. Clean. Prod., 183, 487, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.02.166

Dominguez González, H., and González Muñoz, M.J. (2017). Chapter 4–Subcritical water extraction and neoformation of antioxidants. Water Extraction of Bioactive Compounds, Elsevier.

Chen, 2008, Effects of pH on the total phenolic compound, antioxidative ability and the stability of dioscorin of various yam cultivars, Food Chem., 107, 250, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.08.017

Herrero, 2010, Supercritical fluid extraction: Recent advances and applications, J. Chromatogr. A., 1217, 2495, 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.12.019

Duarte, 2016, Supercritical fluid extraction of bioactive compounds, TrAC Trend. Anal. Chem., 76, 40, 10.1016/j.trac.2015.11.013

Inamuddin, A.M., and Isloor, A.M. (2020). Extraction of bioactive compounds. Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science, Elsevier. Chapter 8.

Gallego, 2019, Sub-and supercritical fluid extraction of bioactive compounds from plants, food-by-products, seaweeds and microalgae–An update, TrAC Trend. Anal. Chem., 116, 198, 10.1016/j.trac.2019.04.030

Ndayishimiye, 2017, Optimization of carotenoids and antioxidant activity of oils obtained from a co-extraction of citrus (Yuzu ichandrin) by-products using supercritical carbon dioxide, Biomass Bioenerg., 106, 1, 10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.08.014

Charalampopoulos, 2018, Optimisation and modelling of supercritical CO2 extraction process of carotenoids from carrot peels, J. Supercrit. Fluids, 133, 94, 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.09.028

Derrien, 2018, Optimization of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of lutein and chlorophyll from spinach by-products using response surface methodology, LWT Food Sci. Technol., 93, 79, 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.03.016

2018, Biorefining of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) threshing residues into cannabinoid and antioxidant fractions by supercritical carbon dioxide, pressurized liquid and enzyme-assisted extractions, Food Chem., 267, 420, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.09.080

Piechowiak, 2020, Optimization of extraction process of antioxidant compounds from yellow onion skin and their use in functional bread production, LWT, 117, 108614, 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108614

Villa, 2013, Technologies for extraction and production of bioactive compounds to be used as nutraceuticals and food ingredients: An overview, Compr. Rev. Food. Sci. Food Saf., 12, 5, 10.1111/1541-4337.12005

Hossain, 2012, Optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) using response surface methodology, Ultrason. Sonochem., 19, 582, 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.11.001

Mandal, 2007, Microwave assisted extraction–An innovative and promising extraction tool for medicinal plant research, Pharmacogn. Rev., 1, 7

Ajila, 2011, Extraction and analysis of polyphenols: Recent trends, Crit. Rev. Biotechnol., 31, 227, 10.3109/07388551.2010.513677

Halliwell, B., and Gutteridge, J.M.C. (2007). Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine, Oxford University Press.

Circu, 2010, Reactive oxygen species, cellular redox systems, and apoptosis, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 48, 749, 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.12.022

Pillon, 2012, The lipid peroxidation by-product 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) induces insulin resistance in skeletal muscle through both carbonyl and oxidative stress, Endocrinology, 153, 2099, 10.1210/en.2011-1957

Apak, 2016, Antioxidant activity/capacity measurement. 1. Classification, physicochemical principles, mechanisms, and electron transfer (ET)-based assays, J. Agric. Food Chem., 64, 997, 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04739

Fraga, 2010, Basic biochemical mechanisms behind the health benefits of polyphenols, Mol. Aspects Med., 31, 435, 10.1016/j.mam.2010.09.006

Ighodaro, 2018, First line defence antioxidants-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX): Their fundamental role in the entire antioxidant defence grid, Alexandria J. Med., 54, 287, 10.1016/j.ajme.2017.09.001

Tremocoldi, M.A., Rosalen, P.L., Franchin, M., Massarioli, A.P., Denny, C., Daiuto, É.R., Paschoal, J.A.R., Melo, P.S., and Alencar, S.M.D. (2018). Exploration of avocado by-products as natural sources of bioactive compounds. PLoS ONE, 13.

Heredia, 2019, Effect of dietary intake of phenolic compounds from mango peel extract on growth, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in zebrafish (Danio rerio), Lat. Am. J. Aquat. Res., 47, 602, 10.3856/vol47-issue4-fulltext-3

Reshmitha, 2017, DNA and mitochondrial protective effect of lycopene rich tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) peel extract prepared by enzyme assisted extraction against H2O2 induced oxidative damage in L6 myoblasts, J. Funct. Food., 28, 147, 10.1016/j.jff.2016.10.031

Saavedra, 2015, Exploring feasible sources for lutein production: Food by-products and supercritical fluid extraction, a reasonable combination, Phytochem. Rev., 14, 891, 10.1007/s11101-015-9434-0

Freitas, 2014, Carotenoids inhibit lipid peroxidation and hemoglobin oxidation, but not the depletion of glutathione induced by ROS in human erythrocytes, Life Sci., 99, 52, 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.01.059

Silva, 2013, Chemical assessment and antioxidant capacity of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seeds, Food Chem. Toxicol., 53, 240, 10.1016/j.fct.2012.11.036

Alkhalaf, 2019, Anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of avocado (Persea americana) fruit and seed extract, J. King Saud Univ. Sci., 31, 1358, 10.1016/j.jksus.2018.10.010

Vivancos, 2005, β-Sitosterol modulates antioxidant enzyme response in RAW 264.7 macrophages, Free Radic. Biol. Med., 39, 91, 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.02.025

Ambigaipalan, 2015, Antioxidant and angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of date seed protein hydrolysates prepared using Alcalase, Flavourzyme and Thermolysin, J. Funct. Food., 18, 1125, 10.1016/j.jff.2015.01.021

Endermann, 2015, HPLC-Q-TOF-MS identification of antioxidant and antihypertensive peptides recovered from cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) subproducts, J. Agric. Food Chem., 63, 1514, 10.1021/jf505037p

Rabe, 2008, Adipokines and insulin resistance, Mol. Med., 14, 741, 10.2119/2008-00058.Rabe

International Diabetes Federation (2020, November 19). IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th Ed.; Brussels, Belgium; 2019. Available online: https://www.diabetesatlas.org/.

Xiao, 2013, Advance in dietary polyphenols as α-glucosidases inhibitors: A review on structure-activity telationship aspect, Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 53, 818, 10.1080/10408398.2011.561379

Medina-Torres, N., Ayora-Talavera, T., Espinosa-Andrews, H., Sanchez-Contreras, A., and Pacheco, N. (2017). Ultrasound assisted extraction for the recovery of phenolic compounds from vegetable sources. Agronomy-Basel, 7.

Ameer, 2017, Green extraction methods for polyphenols from plant matrices and their byproducts: A review, Compr. Rev. Food. Sci. Food Saf., 16, 295, 10.1111/1541-4337.12253

Balli, D., Cecchi, L., Khatib, M., Bellumori, M., Cairone, F., Carradori, S., Zengin, G., Cesa, S., Innocenti, M., and Mulinacci, N. (2020). Characterization of arils juice and peel decoction of fifteen varieties of Punica granatum L.: A focus on anthocyanins, ellagitannins and polysaccharides. Antioxidants, 9.

Ambigaipalan, 2016, Phenolic compounds of pomegranate byproducts (outer skin, mesocarp, divider membrane) and their antioxidant activities, J. Agric. Food Chem., 64, 6584, 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02950

Ramadan, 2019, Phenolic profiles, antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract, J. Food Biochem., 43, e12803, 10.1111/jfbc.12803

Goss, 2018, Peel flour of Passiflora edulis Var. Flavicarpa supplementation prevents the insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis induced by low-fructose-diet in young rats, Biomed. Pharmacother., 102, 848, 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.137

Loizzo, M.R., Lucci, P., Nunez, O., Tundis, R., Balzano, M., Frega, N.G., Conte, L., Moret, S., Filatova, D., and Moyano, E. (2019). Native colombian fruits and their by-products: Phenolic profile, antioxidant activity and hypoglycaemic potential. Foods, 8.

Arruda, 2018, Determination of free, esterified, glycosylated and insoluble-bound phenolics composition in the edible part of araticum fruit (Annona crassiflora Mart.) and its by-products by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS, Food Chem., 245, 738, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.120

Rakariyatham, 2020, Improvement of phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of longan (Dimocarpus longan) peel extracts by enzymatic treatment, Waste Biomass Valoriz., 11, 3987, 10.1007/s12649-019-00723-9

Carullo, 2020, Valorization of red grape (Vitis vinifera cv. Sangiovese) pomase as functional food ingredient, Ital. J. Food Sci., 32, 367

Ferri, 2016, Recovery of polyphenols from red grape pomace and assessment of their antioxidant and anti-cholesterol activities, New Biotech., 33, 338, 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.12.004

Kadouh, 2016, alpha-Glucosidase inhibiting activity and bioactive compounds of six red wine grape pomace extracts, J. Funct. Food., 26, 577, 10.1016/j.jff.2016.08.022

Kilic, 2016, A significant by-product of the industrial processing of pistachios: Shell skin–RP-HPLC analysis, and antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities of the methanol extracts of Pistacia vera L. Shell skins cultivated in Gaziantep, Turkey, RSC Adv., 6, 1203, 10.1039/C5RA24530C

Lavelli, 2016, Grape skin phenolics as inhibitors of mammalian alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase-effect of food matrix and processing on efficacy, Food Funct., 7, 1655, 10.1039/C6FO00073H

Zhang, 2017, Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) peel: A better source of antioxidants and a-glucosidase inhibitors than pulp, flake and seed, and phytochemical profile by HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, Food Chem., 234, 303, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.003

Islam, M.R., Haque, A.R., Kabir, M.R., Hasan, M.M., Khushe, K.J., and Hasan, S.M.K. (2020). Fruit by-products: The potential natural sources of antioxidants and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. J. Food Sci. Technol.-Mysore, 1–12.

Henriquez, 2020, Improving antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic activity in cereal and apple-based food formulations using bioactive ingredients from apple peel, J. Food Process Preserv., 44, 1, 10.1111/jfpp.14609

Oboh, 2012, Inhibitory effect of polyphenol-rich extracts of jute leaf (Corchorus olitorius) on key enzyme linked to type 2 diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and hypertension (angiotensin I converting) in vitro, J. Funct. Food., 4, 450, 10.1016/j.jff.2012.02.003

Lim, 2016, In vitro antioxidant capacities and antidiabetic properties of phenolic extracts from selected citrus peels, Int. Food Res. J., 23, 211

Ling, 2020, Hypolipidemic effect of pure total flavonoids from peel of Citrus (PTFC) on hamsters of hyperlipidemia and its potential mechanism, Exp. Gerontol., 130, 110786, 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110786

Toomer, 2019, Dietary supplementation with peanut skin polyphenolic extracts (PSPE) reduces hepatic lipid and glycogen stores in mice fed an atherogenic diet, J. Funct. Food., 55, 362, 10.1016/j.jff.2019.02.041

Quideau, 2011, Plant polyphenols: Chemical properties, biological activities, and synthesis, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 50, 586, 10.1002/anie.201000044

Bandyopadhyay, 2012, Recent developments on polyphenol–protein interactions: Effects on tea and coffee taste, antioxidant properties and the digestive system, Food Funct., 3, 592, 10.1039/c2fo00006g

Milagro, 2011, Natural inhibitors of pancreatic lipase as new players in obesity treatment, Planta Med., 77, 773, 10.1055/s-0030-1270924

Chen, 2014, Phenolic compounds: Their journey after intake, Food Funct., 5, 189, 10.1039/C3FO60361J

Halliwell, B., and Gutteridge, J.M.C. (2015). Reactive species in disease: Friends or foes?. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine, Oxford University Press.

Zhang, 2019, Purification and charicterization of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides with specific structure X-Pro, Eur. Food Res. Technol., 245, 1743, 10.1007/s00217-019-03290-4

Turner, 2020, Should angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors ever be used for the management of hypertension?, Curr. Cardiol. Rep., 22, 95, 10.1007/s11886-020-01352-8

Liu, 2016, Two angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitory peptides from almond protein and the protective action on vascular endothelial function, Food Funct., 7, 3733, 10.1039/C6FO00654J

Gu, 2015, Separation, purification, and identification of angiotensin I–converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from walnut (Juglans regia L.) hydrolyzate, Int. J. Food Prop., 18, 266, 10.1080/10942912.2012.716476

He, 2013, Purification and hypotensive activity of rapeseed protein-derived renin and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides, J. Funct. Food., 5, 781, 10.1016/j.jff.2013.01.024

He, 2013, Glycinyl-histidinyl-serine (GHS), a novel rapeseed protein-derived peptide has blood pressure-lowering effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats, J. Agric. Food Chem., 61, 8396, 10.1021/jf400865m

Xu, 2016, Purification and identification of an angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptide from cauliflower by-products protein hydrolysate, Process Biochem., 51, 1299, 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.05.023

Montone, C.M., Zenezini Chiozzi, R., Marchetti, N., Cerrato, A., Antonelli, M., Capriotti, A.L., Cavaliere, C., Piovesana, S., and Laganà, A. (2019). Peptidomic approach for the identification of peptides with potential antioxidant and anti-hyperthensive effects derived from asparagus by-products. Molecules, 24.

Carmena, 2018, In vitro antitumor and hypotensive activity of peptides from olive seeds, J. Funct. Food., 42, 177, 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.062

Zou, 2020, Antihypertensive and antioxidant activities of enzymatic wheat bran protein hydrolysates, J. Food Biochem., 44, e13090, 10.1111/jfbc.13090

Pinciroli, 2019, Broken rice as a potential functional ingredient with inhibitory activity of renin and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), Plant Food Hum. Nutr., 74, 405, 10.1007/s11130-019-00754-6

Chirinos, 2020, In vitro antioxidant and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory properties of enzymatically hydrolyzed quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus) proteins, Cereal Chem., 97, 949, 10.1002/cche.10317

Connolly, 2015, Generation and identification of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from a brewers’ spent grain protein isolate, Food Chem., 176, 64, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.12.027

2015, ACE-I inhibitory activity from Phaseolus lunatus and Phaseolus vulgaris peptide fractions obtained by ultrafiltration, J. Med. Food, 18, 1247, 10.1089/jmf.2015.0007

Shi, A., Liu, H., Liu, L., Hu, H., Wang, Q., and Adhikari, B. (2014). Isolation, purification and molecular mechanism of a peanut protein-derived ACE-inhibitory peptide. PLoS ONE, 9.

Bobadilla, 2017, Antihypertensive effect of protein hydrolysate from azufrado beans in spontaneously hypertensive rats, Cereal Chem., 94, 117, 10.1094/CCHEM-04-16-0105-FI

Bleakley, S., Hayes, M., O’Shea, N., Gallagher, E., and Lafarga, T. (2017). Predicted release and analysis of novel ACE-I, renin, and DPP-IV inhibitory peptides from common oat (Avena sativa) protein hydrolysates using in silico analysis. Foods, 6.

Muniraj, N., Siddharth, S., and Sharma, D. (2019). Bioactive compounds: Multi-targeting silver bullets for preventing and treating breast cancer. Cancers, 11.

Pfeffer, C.M., and Singh, A.T.K. (2018). Apoptosis: A target for anticancer therapy. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.

Ashkenazi, 2014, Chapter Five–Apoptosis initiation through the cell-extrinsic pathway, Methods in Enzymology, Volume 544, 99, 10.1016/B978-0-12-417158-9.00005-4

Shi, J.-H., and Sun, S.-C. (2018). Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor regulation of nuclear factor κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Front. Immunol., 9.

Otto, 2017, Cell cycle proteins as promising targets in cancer therapy, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 17, 93, 10.1038/nrc.2016.138

Pan, 2019, Cinobufagin induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and promotes apoptosis in malignant melanoma cells, Front. Oncol., 9, 853, 10.3389/fonc.2019.00853

Lugano, 2020, Tumor angiogenesis: Causes, consequences, challenges and opportunities, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 77, 1745, 10.1007/s00018-019-03351-7

Arreola, 2019, Role of matrix metalloproteinases in angiogenesis and cancer, Front. Oncol., 9, 1370, 10.3389/fonc.2019.01370

Cathcart, 2015, Targeting metalloproteinases in cancer: Bringing new life to old ideas, Genes Dis., 2, 26, 10.1016/j.gendis.2014.12.002

Menon, 2015, Terpenoids isolated from the shoot of Plectranthus hadiensis induces apoptosis in human colon cancer cells via the mitochondria-dependent pathway, Nutr. Cancer, 67, 697, 10.1080/01635581.2015.1019631

Lee, 2015, Anti-invasive effect of β-myrcene, a component of the essential oil from Pinus koraiensis cones, in metastatic MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells, J. Korean Soc. Appl. Biol. Chem., 58, 563, 10.1007/s13765-015-0081-3

Spyridopoulou, 2017, Dietary mastic oil extracted from Pistacia lentiscus var. chia suppresses tumor growth in experimental colon cancer models, Sci. Rep., 7, 1, 10.1038/s41598-017-03971-8

Bae, H., Song, G., and Lim, W. (2020). Stigmasterol causes ovarian cancer cell apoptosis by inducing endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial dysfunction. Pharmaceutics, 12.

Kangsamaksin, T., Chaithongyot, S., Wootthichairangsan, C., Hanchaina, R., Tangshewinsirikul, C., and Svasti, J. (2017). Lupeol and stigmasterol suppress tumor angiogenesis and inhibit cholangiocarcinoma growth in mice via downregulation of tumor necrosis factor-α. PLoS ONE, 12.

Attanzio, 2019, Apoptotic effect of a phytosterol-ingredient and its main phytosterol (β-sitosterol) in human cancer cell lines, Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr., 70, 323, 10.1080/09637486.2018.1511689

Farahmandfar, 2019, Bioactive compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Arum maculatum leaves extracts as affected by various solvents and extraction methods, Food Sci. Nutr., 7, 465, 10.1002/fsn3.815

Shashirekha, 2015, Status of bioactive compounds in foods, with focus on fruits and vegetables, Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 55, 1324, 10.1080/10408398.2012.692736

Bartoszewski, 2019, Comprehensive review of antimicrobial activities of plant flavonoids, Phytochem. Rev., 18, 241, 10.1007/s11101-018-9591-z

Adamczak, A., Ożarowski, M., and Karpiński, T.M. (2019). Antibacterial activity of some flavonoids and organic acids widely distributed in plants. J. Clin. Med., 9.

Lampe, 2003, Spicing up a vegetarian diet: Chemopreventive effects of phytochemicals, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 78, 579S, 10.1093/ajcn/78.3.579S

Mujeeb, 2014, Phytochemical evaluation, antimicrobial activity, and determination of bioactive components from leaves of Aegle marmelos, BioMed Res. Int., 2014, 497606, 10.1155/2014/497606

Wahyudha, 2018, The comparative study of the fruit and leaf extract of Ficuslyrata Warb on antibacterial activities, IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., 420, 012077, 10.1088/1757-899X/420/1/012077

Khan, 2019, Green tea seed isolated saponins exerts antibacterial effects against various strains of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, a comprehensive study in vitro and in vivo, Evid-Based Compl. Alt. Med., 2018, 3486106, 10.1155/2018/3486106

Xie, Y., Chen, J., Xiao, A., and Liu, L. (2017). Antibacterial activity of polyphenols: Structure-activity relationship and influence of hyperglycemic condition. Molecules, 22.

Taguri, 2004, Antimicrobial activity of 10 different plant polyphenols against bacteria causing food-borne disease, Biol. Pharm. Bull., 27, 1965, 10.1248/bpb.27.1965

Ozkan, 2004, Antibacterial activities and total phenolic contents of grape pomace extracts, J. Sci. Food Agric., 84, 1807, 10.1002/jsfa.1901

Yi, 2010, Tea polyphenols inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa through damage to the cell membrane, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 144, 111, 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.09.005

Adnan, 2017, Disruption of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus protein synthesis by tannins, Germs, 7, 186, 10.18683/germs.2017.1125

Steinmann, 2012, Anti-infective properties of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a component of green tea, Br. J. Pharmacol., 168, 1059, 10.1111/bph.12009

Yoda, 2004, Different susceptibilities of Staphylococcus and Gram-negative rods to epigallocatechin gallate, J. Infect. Chemother., 10, 55, 10.1007/s10156-003-0284-0

Forquet, 2019, Antibacterial properties of polyphenols: Characterization and QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationship) models, Front. Microbiol., 10, 829, 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00829

Wu, 2013, A structure-activity relationship study of flavonoids as inhibitors of E. Coli by membrane interaction effect, Biochim. Biophys. Acta Biomembr., 1828, 2751, 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.07.029

Phan, 2014, Structure-dependent interactions of polyphenols with a biomimetic membrane system, Biochim. Biophys. Acta Biomembr., 1838, 2670, 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.07.001

Yu, 2011, Probing the interaction of polyphenols with lipid bilayers by solid-state NMR spectroscopy, J. Agric. Food Chem., 59, 6783, 10.1021/jf200200h

Nakayama, 2015, Mechanism for the antibacterial action of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) on Bacillus subtilis, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 79, 845, 10.1080/09168451.2014.993356

Gordon, 2010, Antimicrobial activity of the green tea polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) against clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Int. J. Antimicrob. Ag., 36, 129, 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.03.025

Cherubin, 2016, Inhibition of cholera toxin and other AB toxins by polyphenolic compounds, PLoS ONE, 11, e0166477, 10.1371/journal.pone.0166477

Castillo, 2015, 2(5H)-Furanone, epigallocatechin gallate, and a citric-based disinfectant disturb quorum-sensing activity and reduce motility and biofilm formation of Campylobacter jejuni, Folia Microbiol., 60, 89, 10.1007/s12223-014-0344-0

Parvez, 2019, Antibacterial activities of green tea crude extracts and synergistic effects of epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) with gentamicin against MDR pathogens, Heliyon, 5, e02126, 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02126

Matsumoto, 2012, Antibacterial and antifungal activities of new acylated derivatives of epigallocatechin gallate, Front. Microbiol., 16, 53

Jeon, 2014, The antimicrobial activity of epigallocatehin-3-gallate and green tea extracts against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli isolated from skin wounds, Ann. Dermatol., 26, 564, 10.5021/ad.2014.26.5.564

Hosseinzadeh, 2018, Antimicrobial effect of licochalcone A and epigallocatechin-3-gallate against Salmonella typhimurium isolated from poultry flocks, Iran. J. Microbiol., 10, 51

2017, Functionalization of chitosan by a free radical reaction: Characterization, antioxidant and antibacterial potential, Carbohydr. Polym., 155, 117, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.056

Lagha, 2017, Tea polyphenols inhibit the growth and virulence properties of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Sci. Rep., 7, 44815, 10.1038/srep44815

Lagha, A.B., Groeger, S., Meyle, J., and Grenier, D. (2018). Green tea polyphenols enhance gingival keratinocyte integrity and protect against invasion by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Pathog. Dis., 76.

Massey, 2009, Novel cell-based method to detect Shiga toxin 2 from Escherichia coli O157:H7 and inhibitors of toxin activity, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 75, 1410, 10.1128/AEM.02230-08

Yadav, 2015, Antimicrobial properties of black grape (Vitis vinifera L.) peel extracts against antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria and toxin producing molds, Indian J. Pharmacol., 47, 663, 10.4103/0253-7613.169591

Reddy, 2013, Grape extracts inhibit multiple events in the cell biology of cholera intoxication, PLoS ONE, 8, e73390, 10.1371/journal.pone.0073390

Li, 2017, Antimicrobial activity and mechanism of Larch bark procyanidins against Staphylococcus aureus, Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin., 49, 1058, 10.1093/abbs/gmx112

Biancalani, 2016, Global analysis of type three secretion system and quorum sensing inhibition of Pseudomonas savastanoi by polyphenols extracts from vegetable residues, PLoS ONE, 11, e0163357, 10.1371/journal.pone.0163357

Mion, 2018, Interference in bacterial quorum sensing: A biopharmaceutical perspective, Front. Pharmacol., 9, 203, 10.3389/fphar.2018.00203

Zhu, 2015, Inhibition of quorum sensing, biofilm, and spoilage potential in Shewanella baltica by green tea polyphenols, J. Microbiol., 53, 829, 10.1007/s12275-015-5123-3

Liu, 2020, Tea polyphenols inhibits biofilm formation, attenuates the quorum sensing-controlled virulence and enhances resistance to Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in Caenorhabditis elegans model, Microb. Pathog., 147, 104266, 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104266

Mostafa, I., Abbas, H.A., Ashour, M.L., Yasri, A., El-Shazly, A.M., Wink, M., and Sobeh, M. (2020). Polyphenols from Salix tetrasperma impair virulence and inhibit quorum sensing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Molecules, 25.

Yin, 2015, Tea polyphenols as an antivirulence compound disrupt quorum-sensing regulated pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Sci. Rep., 5, 16158, 10.1038/srep16158

Carraro, 2014, Polyphenols from olive mill waste affect biofilm formation and motility in Escherichia coli K-12, Microb. Biotechnol., 7, 265, 10.1111/1751-7915.12119

Defoirdt, 2013, The apparent quorum-sensing inhibitory activity of pyrogallol is a side effect of peroxide production, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 57, 2870, 10.1128/AAC.00401-13

Fan, 2014, Antibacterial mechanisms of methyl gallate against Ralstonia solanacearum, Australas. Plant Pathol., 43, 1, 10.1007/s13313-013-0234-y

Hossain, 2017, Impact of phenolic compounds in the acyl homoserine lactone-mediated quorum sensing regulatory pathways, Sci. Rep., 7, 10618, 10.1038/s41598-017-10997-5

Westfall, 2018, A novel polyphenolic prebiotic and probiotic formulation have synergistic effects on the gut microbiota influencing Drosophila melanogaster physiology, Artif. Cells Nanomed. Biotechnol., 46, 1, 10.1080/21691401.2018.1458731

Tarko, 2015, Interaction of dietary compounds, especially polyphenols, with the intestinal microbiota: A review, Eur. J. Nutr., 54, 325, 10.1007/s00394-015-0852-y

Kawabata, 2015, Quercetin and related polyphenols: New insights and implications for their bioactivity and bioavailability, Food Funct., 6, 1399, 10.1039/C4FO01178C