Tăng cường phụ thuộc vào kháng thể trong bệnh nhiễm virus ếch 3

Heather E. Eaton1, Emily Penny1, Craig R. Brunetti1
1Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada

Tóm tắt

Tóm tắt Bối cảnh

Các virus thuộc họ Iridoviridae là những virus lớn, hình khối mười hai mặt, có ADN đôi (dsDNA) và được chia thành 5 chi. Virus ếch 3 (FV3) là loài điển hình của chi Ranavirus và là loại iridovirus được nghiên cứu nhiều nhất ở cấp độ phân tử. Thông thường, các kháng thể chống lại virus có tác dụng trung hòa virus và hạn chế nhiễm trùng. Tăng cường phụ thuộc vào kháng thể xảy ra khi các kháng thể virus làm tăng khả năng gây nhiễm của virus thay vì trung hòa nó.

Kết quả

Chúng tôi đã chỉ ra rằng huyết thanh chống FV3 có mặt tại thời điểm nhiễm FV3 làm tăng khả năng gây nhiễm của virus trong hai dòng tế bào cá không miễn dịch. Chúng tôi nhận thấy rằng việc tăng cường phụ thuộc vào kháng thể của FV3 phụ thuộc vào phần Fc của các kháng thể chống FV3 nhưng không liên quan đến bổ thể. Hơn nữa, sự hiện diện của huyết thanh chống FV3 trong quá trình nhiễm FV3 ở một dòng tế bào động vật có vú không miễn dịch dẫn đến việc trung hòa virus. Các kết quả của chúng tôi gợi ý rằng một thụ thể bề mặt tế bào đặc hiệu cho các dòng tế bào cá là nguyên nhân gây tăng cường này.

Kết luận

Báo cáo này đại diện cho bằng chứng đầu tiên về việc tăng cường phụ thuộc vào kháng thể trong các virus iridovirus. Dữ liệu cho thấy huyết thanh chống FV3 có thể vừa trung hòa vừa tăng cường nhiễm virus và việc tăng cường này liên quan đến một con đường tăng cường phụ thuộc vào kháng thể mới được tìm thấy ở cá có vây mà phụ thuộc vào Fc.

Từ khóa


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