Anatomic variations should be considered in total knee arthroplasty

Anouchi, 1993, The effects of axial rotational alignment of the femoral component on knee stability and patellar tracking in total knee arthroplasty demonstrated on autopsy specimens, Clin Orthop, 287, 170, 10.1097/00003086-199302000-00027

Arima, 1995, Femoral rotational alignment, based on the anteroposterior axis, in total knee arthroplasty in a valgus knee, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 77, 1331, 10.2106/00004623-199509000-00006

Berger, 1993, Determining the rotational alignment of the femoral component in total knee arthroplasty using the epicondylar axis, Clin Orthop, 286, 40, 10.1097/00003086-199301000-00008

Hungerford, 1995, Alignment in total knee replacement, Instr Course Lect, 44, 455

Kapandji, 1986, 68

Kurosaka, 1994, 675

Martin, 1990, The influence of joint line position on knee stability after condylar knee arthroplasty, Clin Orthop, 259, 146, 10.1097/00003086-199010000-00021

Matsuda, 1998, Femoral condyle geometry in the normal and varus knee, Clin Orthop, 349, 183, 10.1097/00003086-199804000-00022

Moreland, 1987, Radiographic analysis of the axial alignment of the lower extremity, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 69, 745, 10.2106/00004623-198769050-00016

Nagamine, 1994, Patellar tracking after total knee arthroplasty. The effect of tibial tray malrotation and articular surface configuration, Clin Orthop, 304, 263, 10.1097/00003086-199407000-00040

Nagamine, 1995, Effect of rotational malposition of the femoral component on knee stability kinematics after total knee arthroplasty, J Arthroplasty, 10, 265, 10.1016/S0883-5403(05)80172-X

Nagamine, 1998, Reliability of the anteroposterior axis and the posterior condylar axis for determining rotational alignment of the femoral component in total knee arthroplasty, J Orthop Sci, 3, 194, 10.1007/s007760050041

Nagamine, 1998, Rotational malalignment of the femoral and tibial components in total knee arthroplasty, 373

Ogata, 1991, Standing radiographs cannot determine the correction in high tibial osteotomy, J Bone Joint Surg Br, 73, 927, 10.1302/0301-620X.73B6.1955438

Stiehl, 1996, Femoral rotational alignment using the tibial shaft axis in total knee arthroplasty, Clin Orthop, 331, 47, 10.1097/00003086-199610000-00007

Yoshioka, 1987, The anatomy and functional axes of the femur, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 69, 873, 10.2106/00004623-198769060-00012

Whiteside, 1995, The anteroposterior axis for femoral rotational alignment in valgus total knee arthroplasty, Clin Orthop, 321, 168