Analysis of seismic noise in the Romanian-Bulgarian cross-border region

Journal of Seismology - Tập 22 - Trang 1275-1292 - 2018
Bogdan Grecu1, Cristian Neagoe1, Dragos Tataru1, Felix Borleanu1, Bogdan Zaharia1
1National Institute for Earth Physics, Magurele, Romania

Tóm tắt

We present the first detailed investigation of the background seismic noise recorded in the Romanian-Bulgarian cross-border region over 3 years (2012–2015). We used the power spectral densities probability density functions (PSD PDFs) to study the noise variations in the period domain (0.025–1 s) as well as in the secondary microseism band (2–10 s). Strong diurnal variations and an increase of the noise levels during working days were observed at high frequencies at all stations, thus confirming the anthropic origin of the noise at low periods. The noise variations observed at longer periods (> 1 s) are relatively small among the stations and are related to season changes. The dominant feature in the noise spectra between 2 and 10 s is the double-frequency peak (DFP) whose amplitude increases and changes during winter. For a specific interval, from 25th to 27th of January 2014, when a storm was reported in the Black Sea area, the maximum of the DFP shifted from larger periods (~ 5.5 s) at stations far from the Black Sea towards smaller periods (~ 1.8 s) at stations located on the coastline. The polarization analysis showed that the short period double-frequency microseisms originating from the Black Sea dominate during the winter month. Finally, we showed that site conditions vary due to noise variations related to weather conditions in the Black Sea or to changes in anthropogenic noise sources.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Bard PY (1999) Microtremor measurements: a tool for site effects estimation? In: Irikura K, Kudo K, Okada H, Sasatani T (eds) The effects of surface geology on seismic motion. Balkema, Rotterdam, 2:1251–1279 Beucler É, Mocquet A, Schimmel M, Chevrot S, Quillard O, Vergne J, Sylvander M (2015) Observation of deep water microseisms in the North Atlantic Ocean using tide modulations. Geophys Res Lett 42(2):316–322 Boaga J, Vaccari F, Panza GF (2010) Shear wave structural models of Venice Plain, Italy, from time cross-correlation of seismic noise. Eng Geol 116:189–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2010.09.001 Bormann P (2012) Seismic signals and noise. New manual of seismological observatory practice Brenguier F, Campillo M, Hadziioannou C, Shapiro NM, Nadeau RM, Larose E (2008) Postseismic relaxation along the San Andreas fault at Parkfield from continuous seismological observations. Science 321(5895):1478–1481. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1160943 Bromirski PD, Duennebier FK, Stephen RA (2005) Mid-ocean microseisms. Geochem Geophys Geosyst 6(4):1–19 Burtin A, Bollinger L, Vergne J, Cattin R, Nabelek JL (2008) Spectral analysis of seismic noise induced by rivers: a new tool to monitor spatiotemporal changes in stream hydrodynamics. J Geophys Res 113:B05301. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005034. Cadet H, Macau A, Benjumea B, Bellmunt F, Figueras S (2011) From ambient noise recordings to site effect assessment: the case study of Barcelona microzonation. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 31(3):271–281 Chevrot S, Sylvander M, Benahmed S, Ponsolles C, Lefevre JM, Paradis D (2007) Source locations of secondary microseisms in western Europe: Evidence for both coastal and pelagic sources. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 112:B11 Chiotoroiu B, Ivanova V, Apostol L (2014) Atmospheric patterns during the storms from January 2014 in Bulgaria and Romania. Present Environment and Sustainable Development 8(2):33–44 Custódio S, Dias NA, Caldeira B, Carrilho F, Carvalho S, Corela C et al (2014) Ambient noise recorded by a dense broadband seismic deployment in western Iberia. Bull Seismol Soc Am 104(6):2985–3007 Diaz J, Villasenor A, Morales J, Pazos A, Cordoba D, Pulgar J, Garcia-Lobon JL, Harnafi M, Carbonell R, Gallart J, TopoIberia Seismic Working Group (2010) Background noise characteristics at the IberArray broadband seismic network. Bull Seismol Soc Am 100(2):618–628 Dimitrova L, Solakov D, Simeonova S, Aleksandrova I (2015) System of Earthquakes Alert (SEA) in the Romania-Bulgaria cross border region. Bulg Chem Commun 47(B):390–396 Evangelidis CP, Melis NS (2012) Ambient noise levels in Greece as recorded at the Hellenic Unified Seismic Network. Bull Seismol Soc Am 102(6):2507–2517 Grecu B, Neagoe C, Tataru D (2012) Seismic noise characteristics at the Romanian broadband seismic network. J Earthq Eng 16(5):644–661 Grecu B, Borleanu F, Tataru D, Zaharia B, Neagoe C (2016) Analysis of Broadband Seismic Noise from Temporary Stations in an Urban Environment, Bucharest, Romania. International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM: Surveying Geology & Mining Ecology Management 3:395–402 Kislov KV, Gravirov VV, Labuncov M (2010) The analysis of wind seismic noise and algorithms of its determination // Eos Trans AGU, Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract S21C-2079, San Francisco, USA Kobayashi N, Nishida K (1998a) Continuous excitation of planetary free oscillations by atmospheric disturbances. Nature 395:357–360 Kobayashi N, Nishida K (1998b) Atmospheric excitation of planetary free oscillations. J Phys Condens Matter 10(11):557–11,560 Konno K, Ohmachi T (1998) Ground motion characteristics estimated from spectral ratio between horizontal and vertical components of microtremors. Bull Seismol Soc Am 88(1):228–241 Longuet-Higgens MS (1950) A theory of the origin of microseisms. Philos Trans R Soc 243:1–35 Manea EF, Michel C, Poggi V, Fäh D, Radulian M, Balan FS (2016a) Improving the shear wave velocity structure beneath Bucharest (Romania) using ambient vibrations. Geophys J Int 207(2):848–861 Manea EF, Michel C, Fäh D, Cioflan CO (2016b) Mapping the geophysical bedrock of the Moesian Platform using H/V ratios and borehole data. In: EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts 18: 12143) Marzorati S, Bindi D (2006) Ambient noise levels in north central Italy. Geochem Geophys Geosyst 7(9). https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GC001256 McNamara DE, Boaz RI (2005) Seismic noise analysis system, power spectral density probability density function: stand-alone software package. In: U. S. geological survey open file report, 2005–1438. Washington, D.C McNamara DE, Buland RP (2004) Ambient noise levels in the continental United States. Bull Seismol Soc Am 94:1517–1527 McNamara DE, Gee L, Benz HM, Chapman M (2014) Frequency-dependent seismic attenuation in the eastern United States as observed from the 2011 central Virginia earthquake and aftershock sequence. Bull Seismol Soc Am 104(1):1–18 Mutihac V, Stratulat M I, Fechet R M (2007) The geology of Romania. Didactica si Pedagocica Publishin 249 pp. (in Romanian) Nakamura Y (1989) A method for dynamic characteristics estimation of subsurface using microtremor on the ground surface. Quarterly Report Railway Technical Research Institute, 30-1, 25–30 Oncescu MC, Marza VI, Rizescu M, Popa M (1999) The Romanian earthquake catalogue between 984–1997. In: Wenzel F, Lungu D (eds) Contributions from the First International Workshop on Vrancea Earthquakes, Bucharest, Romania, November 1–4, 1997. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 43–48 Panou AA, Theodulidis N, Hatzidimitriou P, Stylianidis K, Papazchos CB (2005) Ambient noise horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio in site effects estimation and correlation with seismic damage distribution in urban environment: the case of the city of Thessaloniki (Northern Greece). Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 25:261–274 Papadopoulos GA, Diakogianni G, Fokaefs A, Ranguelov B (2011) Tsunami hazard in the Black Sea and the Azov Sea: a new tsunami catalogue. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 11:945–963 Parolai S, Bormann P, Milkereit C (2002) New relationships between vs, thickness of sediments, and resonance frequency calculated by the H/V ratio of seismic noise for the Cologne area (Germany). Bull Seismol Soc Am 92(6):2521–2527 Peterson J (1993) Observations and modeling of background seismic noise, in U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93–322, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Schulte-Pelkum, Pilz M, Parolai S, Leyton F, Campos J, Zscau J (2009) A comparison of site response techniques using earthquake data and ambient seismic noise analysis in the large urban areas of Santiago de Chile. Geophys J Int 178:713–728 Raileanu V (2006) Annual report for the contract no: 31N/23.01.2006, Project—advanced research of the disaster management of the strong Romanian earthquakes, Director of the project dr. Raileanu V., NIEP Ranguelov B and Bojkova A (2008) Archaeseismology in Bulgaria, Proceedings of the International Conference, 29–30 October 2008 Sofia, Publishing House “St. Ivan Rilski”, Sofia, 341–346 Rastin SJ, Unsworth CP, Gledhill KR, McNamara DE (2012) A detailed noise characterization and sensor evaluation of the North Island of New Zealand using the PQLX data quality control system. Bull Seismol Soc Am 102(1):98–113 Ren Y, Grecu B, Stuart G, Houseman G, Hegedüs E, South Carpathian Project Working Group (2013) Crustal structure of the Carpathian–Pannonian region from ambient noise tomography. Geophys J Int 195(2):1351–1369 Saygin E, Kennett BLN (2008) Ambient seismic noise tomography of Australian continent. Tectonophysics 481:116–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2008.11.013 Schimmel M, Stutzmann E, Ardhuin F, Gallart J (2011) Polarized Earth’s ambient microseismic noise. Geochem Geophys Geosyst 12(7):1–14 Schulte-Pelkum V, Earle PS, Vernon FL (2004) Strong directivity of ocean-generated seismic noise. Geochem Geophys Geosyst (5). https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GC000520 SESAME Project (2004) Guidelines for the implementation of the H/V spectral ratio technique on ambient vibrations measurements, processing and interpretation. http://sesame-fp5.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr/Papers/HV_User_Guidelines.pdf Shapiro NM, Campillo M, Stehly L, Ritzwoller MH (2005) High resolution surface wave tomography from ambient seismic noise. Science 307:1615–1618 Sheen DH, Shin JS, Kang TS (2009) Seismic noise level variation in South Korea. Geosci J 13(2):183–190 Stutzmann E, Scimmel M, Patau G, Maggi A (2009) Global climate imprint on seismic noise. Geochem Geophys Geosyst. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GC002619 Wegler U, Sens-Schönfelder C (2007) Fault zone monitoring with passive image interferometry. Geophys J Int 168(3):1029–1033. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03284.x Yang Y, Ritzwoller MH, Levshin AL, Shapiro NM (2007) Ambient noise Rayleigh wave tomography across Europe. Geophys J Int 168:259–274 Zaharia B, Radulian M, Popa M, Grecu B, Bala A, Tataru D (2008) Estimation of the local response using Nakamura method for Bucharest area. Rom Rep Phys 60(1):131–144