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Tổng quan về liệu pháp điều trị ung thư nhắm mục tiêu
Tóm tắt
Ung thư là một bệnh đa yếu tố và là một trong những nguyên nhân hàng đầu gây tử vong toàn cầu. Các yếu tố góp phần bao gồm nền tảng di truyền đặc biệt, tiếp xúc mãn tính với nhiều áp lực môi trường khác nhau và chế độ ăn uống không đúng cách. Tất cả các yếu tố nguy cơ này dẫn đến sự tích tụ các thay đổi phân tử hoặc đột biến trong một số protein quan trọng trong tế bào, điều này góp phần vào sự khởi phát của quá trình sinh ung thư. Hóa trị liệu là một phương pháp điều trị hiệu quả chống lại ung thư nhưng những phản ứng không mong muốn của hóa trị liệu và sự phát triển của khả năng kháng thuốc dẫn đến kháng thuốc đa dòng (MDR) là những trở ngại chính trong hóa trị liệu ung thư. Các chiến lược hiện có với kết quả hạn chế bao gồm các công thức thay thế như liposome, điều chỉnh kháng thuốc như PSC833, thuốc giải độc/thay đổi độc tính như ICRF-187 và liệu pháp gen. Liệu pháp nhắm mục tiêu đang ngày càng trở nên quan trọng do tính đặc hiệu của nó đối với các tế bào ung thư trong khi giảm thiểu độc tính cho các tế bào không phải mục tiêu. Phạm vi của bài tổng quan này liên quan đến các chiến lược khác nhau trong liệu pháp nhắm mục tiêu như kháng thể đơn dòng, tiền thuốc, chất ức chế phân tử nhỏ và phức hợp kháng thể nano.
Từ khóa
#ung thư #hóa trị liệu #kháng thuốc đa dòng #liệu pháp nhắm mục tiêu #kháng thể đơn dòngTài liệu tham khảo
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