An integrated framework of plant form and function: the belowground perspective

New Phytologist - Tập 232 Số 1 - Trang 42-59 - 2021
Alexandra Weigelt1,2,3, Liesje Mommer4,3, Karl Andraczek2, Colleen M. Iversen5, Joana Bergmann6, Helge Bruelheide1,7, Ying Fan8, Grégoire T. Freschet9, Nathaly R. Guerrero‐Ramírez10, Jens Kattge11,1, Thomas W. Kuyper12, Daniel C. Laughlin13, Ina C. Meier14, Fons van der Plas4,2, Hendrik Poorter15,15, Catherine Roumet16, Jasper van Ruijven4, Francesco Sabatini1,7, Marina Semchenko17,18, Christopher J. Sweeney17, Oscar J. Valverde‐Barrantes19, Larry M. York20, Michael McCormack21
1German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
2Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, 04103 Germany
3these authors contributed equally to this work
4Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, Wageningen, 6700 AA the Netherlands
5Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831 USA
6Sustainable Grassland Systems, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Paulinenaue, 14641 Germany
7Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, 06108 Germany
8Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
9Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station (SETE), National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Moulis, 09200 France
10Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology University of Goettingen Göttingen 37077 Germany
11Functional Biogeography, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, 07745 Germany
12Soil Biology Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, Wageningen, 6700 AA the Netherlands
13Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
14Functional Forest Ecology Department of Biology Universität Hamburg Barsbüttel‐Willinghusen 22885 Germany
15Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
16CEFE, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, University Montpellier, Montpellier, 34293 France
17Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
18Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51005, Estonia
19Institute of Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
20Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
21The Root Lab, Center for Tree Science, The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, IL, 60515 USA

Tóm tắt

SummaryPlant trait variation drives plant function, community composition and ecosystem processes. However, our current understanding of trait variation disproportionately relies on aboveground observations. Here we integrate root traits into the global framework of plant form and function. We developed and tested an overarching conceptual framework that integrates two recently identified root trait gradients with a well‐established aboveground plant trait framework. We confronted our novel framework with published relationships between above‐ and belowground trait analogues and with multivariate analyses of above‐ and belowground traits of 2510 species. Our traits represent the leaf and root conservation gradients (specific leaf area, leaf and root nitrogen concentration, and root tissue density), the root collaboration gradient (root diameter and specific root length) and the plant size gradient (plant height and rooting depth). We found that an integrated, whole‐plant trait space required as much as four axes. The two main axes represented the fast–slow ‘conservation’ gradient on which leaf and fine‐root traits were well aligned, and the ‘collaboration’ gradient in roots. The two additional axes were separate, orthogonal plant size axes for height and rooting depth. This perspective on the multidimensional nature of plant trait variation better encompasses plant function and influence on the surrounding environment.

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New Phytologist

Tập 232 Số 1

42-59

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