An assessment of threats to terrestrial protected areas

Conservation Letters - Tập 11 Số 3 - 2018
Katharina Schulze1,2, Kathryn Knights3, Lauren Coad4,5,6, Jonas Geldmann1,7, Fiona Leverington3,8, April Eassom6, Melitta Marr3, Stuart H. M. Butchart9,7, Marc Hockings8,6, Neil D. Burgess1,7,6
1Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen E, Denmark
2Environmental Geography Group, Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
3Protected Area Solutions, Sheffield, UK and Brisbane, Australia
4Center for International Forestry Research, Situ Gede, Sindang Barang, Bogor 16115, Indonesia
5Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography, University of Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK
6UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB2 ODL UK
7Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK
8School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
9BirdLife International, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, UK

Tóm tắt

AbstractProtected areas (PAs) represent a cornerstone of efforts to safeguard biodiversity, and if effective should reduce threats to biodiversity. We present the most comprehensive assessment of threats to terrestrial PAs, based on in situ data from 1,961 PAs across 149 countries, assessed by PA managers and local stakeholders. Unsustainable hunting was the most commonly reported threat and occurred in 61% of all PAs, followed by disturbance from recreational activities occurring in 55%, and natural system modifications from fire or its suppression in 49%. The number of reported threats was lower in PAs with greater remoteness, higher control of corruption, and lower human development scores. The main reported threats in developing countries were linked to overexploitation for resource extraction, while negative impacts from recreational activities dominated in developed countries. Our results show that many of the most serious threats to PAs are difficult to monitor with remote sensing, and highlight the importance of in situ threat data to inform the implementation of more effective biodiversity conservation in the global protected area estate.

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Conservation Letters

Tập 11 Số 3

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