An anatomical and mechanical analysis of the douc monkey (genus Pygathrix), and its role in understanding the evolution of brachiation
Tóm tắt
This study compares axial and appendicular morphological variables of
Compared to more pronograde species,
The adoption of arm‐swinging represents a major shift within at least three anthropoid clades and little data exist about its transition. Across species, few mechanical differences are observed during arm‐swinging. Apparently, there are limited functional solutions to the challenges associated with moving bimanually below branches, especially in more proximal forelimb regions. Morphological data support this idea that the
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Bertram J., 2001, Mechanical energy oscillations of two brachiation gaits: measurement and simulation, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 113, 201
Boonratana R., 1993, The ecology and behaviour of the Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus) in the lower kinabatangan, Sabah, Asian Primates, 4, 13
Byron C. D., 2015, The skeletal anatomy of the douc langurs (Genus Pygathrix), Vietnamese Journal of Primatology, 2, 13
Covert H. H., 2004, Conservation of primates in Vietnam, 121
Erikson G. E., 1963, Brachiation in New World monkeys and in anthropoid apes, Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, 10, 135
Fleagle J. G., 1978, The ecology of arboreal folivores, 243
Granatosky M. C., 2015, Kinetic and kinematic patterns of arm‐swinging in the red‐shanked douc langur (Pygathrix nemaeus), Journal of Vietnamese Primatology, 2, 33
Granatosky M. C.(2016).A Mechanical Analysis of Suspensory Locomotion in Primates and Other Mammals. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Duke University Durham.
Gregory W. K., 1928, Were the ancestors of man primitive brachiators?, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 67, 129
Ishida H., 1990, Gravity, Posture, and Locotion in Primates, 209
Larson S. G., 1993, Postcranial adaptation in nonhuman primates, 45
Larson A., 1996, Adaptation, 187
Long H. T., 2004, Conservation of primates in Vietnam, 52
Lovejoy C. O., 2009, Careful climbing in the Miocene: The forelimbs of Ardipithecus ramidus and humans are primitive, Science, 8, 70e1
Milne‐Edwards A., 1898, Le Rhinopitheque de la vallee du haut Mekong (Rhinopithecus bieti Milne‐Edwards), Nouv Archs Mus Hist Nat, Paris, 3, 121
Morbeck M. E., 1979, Environment, behavior, and morphology: Dynamic interactions in primates, 95
Nadler T., 2003, Leaf monkeys: Vietnam primate conservation status review 2002‐part 2, 165
Nadler T., 2004, Conservation of primates in Vietnam, 5
Napier J. R., 1963, The Primates, 183
Napier J. R., 1967, A handbook of living primates: morphology, ecology, and behaviour of nonhuman primates
Oxnard C. E., 1963, The Primates, 165
Preuschoft H., 1984, The Lesser Apes: Evolutionary and behavioral biology, 96
Preuschoft H., 1985, Biomechanic determinants of arm length and body mass in brachiators, Fortschritte Der Zoologie, 30, 39
Ruhiyat Y.(1986). Preliminary study of proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) in Gunung Palung Nature Reserve West Kalimantan. Kyoto Univ Overseas Res Rep Stud Asian Non‐Human Primates 5 59–69.
Schultz A. H., 1930, The skeleton of the trunk and limbs of higher primates, Human Biology, 2, 303
Sterling E. J., 2006, Vietnam: A natural history
Stern J., 1975, Before bipedality, Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, 19, 59
Stern J. T., 1973, Primate locomotion: Some links with evolution and morphology, Primatologia, 4, 1
Stevens N. J., 2008, Tail postures of four quadrupedal leaf monkeys (Pygathrix nemaeus, P. cinerea, Trachypithecus delacouri and T. hatinhensis) at the Endangered Primate Rescue Center, Cuc Phuong National Park, Vietnam, Vietnam Journal of Primatology., 2, 13
Struhsaker T. T., 1975, The red colobus monkey
Washburn S. L., 1942, Skeletal proportions of adult langurs and macaques, Human Biology, 14, 444
Workman C.(2010).The foraging ecology of the Delacour's langur (Trachypithecus delacouri) in Van Long Nature Reserve Vietnam. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Duke University Durham.