Sự thay đổi về thời gian và/hoặc phương thức sinh có tác động khác nhau đến sự phát triển sớm ở chuột

Molecular Brain - 2020
Morgane Chiesa1, Diana C. Ferrari1, Yehezkel Ben-Ari1
1Fundamental Research Department, Neurochlore, Ben-Ari Institute of Neuroarcheology (IBEN), Marseille, France

Tóm tắt

Sinh con là một quá trình sinh học phức tạp liên quan đến các kích thích hormonal và cơ học mà cùng nhau điều chỉnh sự sống sót và phát triển của thai nhi ra ngoài tử cung. Do đó, những thay đổi về thời gian hoặc cách sinh ra được liên kết với sự thay đổi của các chức năng sinh học cơ bản và được giả định là thúc đẩy sự xuất hiện của các rối loạn phát triển thần kinh. Do đó, sự gia tăng liên tục trong tỷ lệ sinh non và sinh mổ (CS) trong những năm qua đã trở thành mối quan tâm sức khỏe toàn cầu. Trong công trình trước đây của chúng tôi, chúng tôi đã báo cáo rằng mặc dù không quan sát thấy những khiếm khuyết giống tự kỷ lâu dài, nhưng chuột sinh non bằng phương pháp CS có những khiếm khuyết tạm thời về thần kinh và giao tiếp ở giai đoạn đầu. Tuy nhiên, sự đánh giá xem những thay đổi này là do sinh non kết hợp với sinh mổ, hay chỉ riêng sinh non cũng có thể dẫn đến kết quả tương tự vẫn cần được xem xét. Bằng cách sử dụng chuột sinh đúng thời hạn hoặc sinh non bằng sinh đường âm đạo hoặc sinh mổ, chúng tôi đã đánh giá các tiếng kêu siêu âm trong đời sống sớm và thời điểm mở mắt. Chúng tôi báo cáo rằng sự thay đổi trong hành vi giao tiếp được điều chỉnh một cách tinh tế và bị ảnh hưởng cụ thể bởi sinh non hoặc bởi sự kết hợp giữa sinh mổ và sinh non ở chuột, trong khi thời gian mở mắt bị chậm trễ là do sinh non. Hơn nữa, công trình của chúng tôi còn chỉ ra rằng có sự nhạy cảm tùy thuộc vào giới tính đối với những thay đổi về thời gian và/hoặc cách thức sinh với những kết quả khác nhau được quan sát ở nam và nữ. Do đó, kết quả của chúng tôi làm sáng tỏ sự phức tạp của những thay đổi trong quá trình sinh và có thể giải thích thêm về những sự khác biệt được báo cáo trong các nghiên cứu dịch tễ học.

Từ khóa

#sinh con #sinh non #sinh mổ #phát triển thần kinh #động vật thí nghiệm #giao tiếp #giới tính

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