Allograft rejection, autograft fusion and inflammatory responses to injury inCallyspongia diffusa(Porifera; Demospongia)

The Royal Society - Tập 226 Số 1245 - Trang 445-464 - 1986
L. Courtney Smith1, W. H. Hildemann1
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90024, U. S. A.

Tóm tắt

Sponges exhibit a variety of swift, cellular defence responses to protect self integrity. The spongeCallyspongia diffusahas been used to charac­terize the cytological changes that occur during allograft rejection, autograft fusion, and inflammation. Allogeneic contact results in fusion of the two exopinacoderms followed by an infiltration of mesohyl cells into the graft zone. As mesohyl cells accumulate, they form tissue bridges that span the graft interface. After a few days, the tissue bridges and the nearby cellular infiltrate become necrotic and slough off, which separates the allogeneic tissues. Autograft fusion begins similarly but cellular infiltration does not follow exopinacoderm fusion. Contacted exopinacocytes are redistribu­ted, the endopinacoderms and choanosomes come into contact, and the grafted sponge tissues merge. Tissue damage exposes internal regions of the sponge to the external environment. In many areas of injury, exposed choanosome is sealed by infiltrating mesohyl cells. In other areas, exposed endopinacoderm appears to serve as new exopinacoderm. Cellular debris is removed by phagocytic archaeocytes and new exopinacoderm is regenerated over the damaged choanosome. No scars remain once the inflammatory infiltrate has dispersed. In general, mesohyl cells are involved in defence responses without an observed enrichment of any specific cell type. However, archaeocytes from rejecting sponges appear to line both sides of the allogeneic interface.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Ankel W. E. 1983 Der Susswassweschwamm Vorfiihrung des Films). Zool.

fluviatilis (Einleitende Worte zur Anz.28 (suppl.) 426-444.

10.1097/00007890-198106000-00014

Bigger C. H., 1982, Characterization of alloimmune memory in a sponge, J. Immun., 129, 1570, 10.4049/jimmunol.129.4.1570

10.1097/00007890-198303000-00009

Buscema M., 1983, Variability of allograft rejection processes in Axinella verrucosa. Devi. comp, Immunol., 7, 613

Buscema M., 1984, Cellular aspects of alloimmune reactions in sponges of the genus Axinella. I. Axinella polypoides. J. exp, Zool., 7

Buscema M., 1984, 6 Cellular aspects of alloimmune reactions in sponges of the genus Axinella. II. Axinella verrucosa and Axinella damicornis. J. exp, Zool., 229, 19

Boury-Esnault N., 1976, Morphogenese experimentale des papilles inhalantes de l'eponge Polymastia mamillaris (Muller). Arch. Zool. exp, Gen., 117, 181

Castro P. 1979 Studies on the symbiosis between a filamentous microorganism and Hymenamphiastra cyanocrypta a sponge from California. In Biologie des Spongiares (ed. C. Levi & N. Boury-Esnault) Colloq. int. du C.N.R.S. no. 291 pp. 365-371. Paris: Editions du C.N.R.S.

10.1126/science.331476

Curtis A. S. G. 1979a Individuality and graft rejection in sponges or a cellular basis for individuality in sponges. In Biology and systematics of colonial organisms (ed. G. Larwood & B. R. Rosen) Systematics Association Special vol. no. 11 pp. 39-48. New York: Academic Press.

Curtis A. S. G. 19796 Recognition by sponge cells. In Biologie des Spongiares (ed. C. Levi & N. Boury-Esnault) Colloques int. du C.N.R.S. vol. no. 291 pp. 205-209. Paris: Editions du C.N.R.S.

10.1097/00007890-198202000-00005

Evans C. W. Kerr J. & Curtis A. S. G. 1980 Graft rejection and immune memory in marine sponges. In Phytogeny of immunological memory (ed. M. J. Manning) pp. 27-34. Amsterdam: Elsevier-North-Holland Biomedical Press.

Galtsoff P. S., 1925, Regeneration after dissociation (an experimental study of sponges). II. Histogenesis of Microciona prolifera Verr. J. exp, Zool., 42, 223

10.1007/BF00046742

10.1126/science.441730

10.1097/00007890-198011000-00011

Hildemann W. H., 1981, Transplantation immunity in the Palaun sponge, Xestospongiaexigua, Transplantation, 32, 77

Hildemann W. H. Clark E. A. & Raison R. L. 1981 Comprehensive New York: Elsevier-North-Holland Inc.

Humphreys T., 1963, Chemical dissociation and in vitro reconstruction of sponge cell adhesions. I. Isolation and functional demonstration of the components involved. Devi, Biol., 8, 27

10.2307/1540888

Johnston I. S. & Hildemann W. H. 1982 Cellular defense systems of the porifera. In The reticuloendothelial system vol. 3 (ed. N. Cohen &M. M. Sigel) pp. 37-57. New York: Plenum.

Johnston I. S. & Hildemann W. H. 1983 Morphological correlates of intraspecific grafting reactions in the marine demosponge

Jokiel P. L. Hildemann W. H. & Bigger C. H. Callyspongiadiffusa. Mar. Biol. 74. 25-33.

1982 Frequency of intercolony graft

acceptance or rejection as a measure of population structure in the sponge Callyspongia

diffusa. Mar. Biol. 71 135-139.

Jones W. C., 1957, The contractility and healing behavior of pieces of Leucosolenia complicata. Q. Jl.microsc, Sci., 98, 203

10.1007/BF00406825

Klein J. 1982 Immunology: the science of self-non-self discrimination. New York: John Wiley.

Korotkova G. P. 1962 Behavior of the cellular elements in the calcareous sponge Leucosolenia complicata Mont during regeneration. Acta biol. hung. 13 1-30.

Korotkova G. P., 1970, Regeneration and somatic embryogenesis in sponges. In The biology of the Porifera (ed. W. G. Fry). Symp. zool, Soc. Lond., 25, 423

Moscona A. A., 1968, Cell aggregation: properties of specific cell ligands and their role in the formation of multicellular systems. Devi, Biol., 18, 250

10.1111/j.1432-1033.1981.tb05374.x

10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a109750

10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00415.x

10.1126/science.224.4647.413

Paris J. 1961 Greffes et serologie chez les eponges siliceuses. Vie et Milieu suppl. no. 11.

10.1007/BF00347115

10.1139/z75-072

Resh J. H. 1976 Life cycles of invertebrate predators of fresh water sponge. In biology (ed. F. W. Harrison & R. R. Cowden) pp. 229-314. New York: Academic Press.

Simpson T. L. 1984 The cell biology of sponges. New York: Springer-Verlag.

Smith L. C. 1985 Cellular defense systems in sponges. Ph.D. dissertation University of California Los Angeles.

Smith L. C., 1984, Alloimmune memory is absent in Hymeniacidon sinapium, a marine sponge, J. Immun., 133, 2351, 10.4049/jimmunol.133.5.2351

10.1098/rspb.1986.0004

Stone A. R., 1970, Growth and reproduction of Hymeniadcidon perleve (Montague) (Porifera) in Langston Harbour, Hampshire. J. Zool, Lond., 101, 443, 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1970.tb02048.x

1886, Note sur la vitalite d une eponge de la famille des Corticatae la Tethya lyncurium, Lamarck. C. r. hebd, Seanc. Acad. Sci. Paris, 68, 86

10.1016/0022-0981(77)90038-7

Van de Vyver G., 1970, La non confluence intraspecifique chez les spongiaires et la notion d'individu, Ann. Embryol. Morphol., 3, 251

Van de Vyver G. 1980 Second set allograft rejection in two sponge species and the problem of an alloimmune memory. In Phytogeny of immunological memory (ed. M. J. Manning) pp. 15-26. Amsterdam: Elsevier-North-Holland Biomedical Press.

Van de Vyver G., 1983, Cellular aspects of allograft rejection in marine sponges of the genus Polymastia. J. exp, Zool., 227, 1

Wilson H. V., 1907, On some phenomena of coalescence and regeneration in sponges. J. exp, Zool., 5, 245

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

The Royal Society

Tập 226 Số 1245

445-464

Thông tin tác giả