Akkermansia muciniphila Cải Thiện Các Triệu Chứng Giống Như Trầm Cảm Bằng Cách Điều Chỉnh Mức Độ Chất Truyền Tin 5-HT Trong Ruột Và Não Của Chuột

Molecular Neurobiology - Trang 1-14 - 2023
Huijuan Guo1, Xinxu Liu1, Ti Chen2, Xiaoping Wang1, Xiaojie Zhang1
1Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
2Clinical Laboratory, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

Tóm tắt

Bằng chứng tích lũy cho thấy hệ vi sinh vật đường ruột đóng vai trò quan trọng trong trầm cảm. Akkermansia muciniphila (AKK), một loại probiotic thế hệ mới, cho thấy tác dụng tích cực đối với sự ổn định miễn dịch và trao đổi chất. Sự phong phú tương đối của AKK được phát hiện có mối tương quan âm với các triệu chứng trầm cảm trong cả nghiên cứu lâm sàng và tiền lâm sàng. Để đánh giá tác dụng chống trầm cảm tiềm năng của AKK và khám phá cơ chế có thể, chúng tôi đã sử dụng tiếp xúc với rượu mãn tính và căng thẳng nhẹ không dự đoán mãn tính (CUMS) để gây ra các hành vi giống như trầm cảm ở chuột. Chúng tôi phát hiện rằng việc sử dụng AKK qua đường miệng làm giảm đáng kể thời gian bất động trong bài kiểm tra bơi cưỡng bức (FST) và bài kiểm tra treo đuôi (TST) ở những con chuột tiếp xúc với rượu mãn tính và chuột CUMS. Sự ưa thích sucrose ở những con chuột nhận AKK tăng đáng kể trong bài kiểm tra ưa thích sucrose (SPT). Quan trọng hơn, việc cấy AKK tăng cường đáng kể mức độ 5-HT trong ruột và vỏ não trước trán (PFC) của cả chuột tiếp xúc với rượu và chuột CUMS. Hơn nữa, AKK đã ức chế biểu hiện SERT trong ruột nhưng không ở não đối với cả hai mô hình chuột NIAAA và CUMS. Thú vị là, sự biểu hiện của cFos trong các dây thần kinh ruột ở ruột giảm đáng kể sau khi dùng AKK. Kết luận, nghiên cứu của chúng tôi đã chứng minh tác dụng chống trầm cảm của AKK ở chuột bị tiếp xúc với rượu và CUMS, với cơ chế tiềm năng rằng việc cấy AKK có thể làm tăng mức độ 5-HT và ức chế biểu hiện SERT trong ruột, và có thể thay đổi tín hiệu từ ruột lên não thông qua việc ức chế sự kích hoạt của các dây thần kinh ruột.

Từ khóa

#Akkermansia muciniphila #trầm cảm #5-HT #hệ vi sinh vật đường ruột #hành vi giống như trầm cảm

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