Age Differences in Future Orientation and Delay Discounting

Child Development - Tập 80 Số 1 - Trang 28-44 - 2009
Laurence Steinberg1, Sandra Graham2, Lia O’Brien1, Jennifer Woolard3, Elizabeth Cauffman4, Marie T. Banich5
1Temple University
2University of California, Los Angeles
3Georgetown University
4University of California, Irvine
5University of Colorado

Tóm tắt

Age differences in future orientation are examined in a sample of 935 individuals between 10 and 30 years using a delay discounting task as well as a new self‐report measure. Younger adolescents consistently demonstrate a weaker orientation to the future than do individuals aged 16 and older, as reflected in their greater willingness to accept a smaller reward delivered sooner than a larger one that is delayed, and in their characterizations of themselves as less concerned about the future and less likely to anticipate the consequences of their decisions. Planning ahead, in contrast, continues to develop into young adulthood. Future studies should distinguish between future orientation and impulse control, which may have different neural underpinnings and follow different developmental timetables.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

American Psychological Association. (1989).Amicus Curiaebrief inHodgson v. Minnesota 497 U.S. 417 (1990).

10.1006/jado.1993.1014

10.1007/PL00005490

10.1016/j.dr.2007.08.003

10.1016/j.tics.2005.01.011

10.1002/bsl.416

10.1111/j.0011-1348.2005.00005.x

10.1016/j.paid.2006.06.026

10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.07.018

10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1041

10.1016/0273-2297(92)90002-J

10.1111/j.1467-7687.2006.00579.x

10.1037/0012-1649.41.4.625

Gardner W, 1993, Adolescent risk taking, 66

10.1038/13158

10.1111/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00610.x

10.1037/0882-7974.11.1.79

10.1037/0278-7393.31.5.1121

10.1016/S0376-6357(99)00021-2

10.1007/BF02141732

10.1023/A:1024065015717

10.2307/1129640

10.1901/jeab.2002.77-129

10.1016/j.beproc.2005.02.003

10.1016/j.paid.2007.01.015

10.1037/h0032576

10.1111/j.1939-0025.1980.tb03304.x

10.1037/1082-989X.7.1.83

10.1037/1064-1297.11.2.139

10.1037/1064-1297.5.3.256

10.1023/A:1009474926880

10.1126/science.1100907

10.1037/h0029815

Nurmi J, 1987, Age, sex, social class, and quality of family interaction as determinants of adolescents’ future orientation: A developmental task interpretation, Adolescence, 22, 977

10.1080/00207594.1989.10600042

10.1111/j.1467-9450.1989.tb01069.x

10.1016/0273-2297(91)90002-6

10.1177/016502549201500404

10.1007/BF01538040

Nuttin J, 1985, Future time perspective and motivation

10.1037/1064-1297.14.3.318

10.1002/1097-4679(199511)51:6<768::AID-JCLP2270510607>3.0.CO;2-1

10.1007/s00213-002-1115-1

10.1007/BF02138916

Roper v.Simmons 541 U.S. 1040 (2005).

10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.10.012

Scott E., 2004, Handbook of adolescent psychology, 523, 10.1002/9780471726746.ch17

Somers C., 2001, Predicting adolescents’ risky behaviors: The influence of future orientation, school involvement, and school attachment, Adolescent and Family Health, 2, 3

10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00475.x

10.1016/j.dr.2007.08.002

Steinberg L., Are adolescents less mature than adults? Minors’ access to abortion, the juvenile death penalty, and the alleged APA “flip‐flop”, American Psychologist

10.1037/0003-066X.58.12.1009

10.1002/ejsp.2420100304

10.1007/BF02087616

10.1037/1064-1297.6.3.292

Wechsler D, 1999, Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Child Development

Tập 80 Số 1

28-44

Thông tin tác giả