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Nhiệm vụ Căng thẳng Thích nghi Tuổi trong Trẻ Nhỏ Không Dẫn Đến Phản Ứng Căng Thẳng Đồng Nhất
Tóm tắt
Các chỉ số phản ứng căng thẳng cấp tính phục vụ như một chỉ báo về chức năng sinh lý, nhưng trước đây đã dẫn đến những kết quả mâu thuẫn ở trẻ nhỏ do tính nhạy cảm cortisol liên quan đến độ tuổi và những bất đồng nhất về phương pháp trong đánh giá. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là điều tra phản ứng căng thẳng trong một nhiệm vụ căng thẳng đánh giá xã hội thích nghi theo độ tuổi đã được xác thực trên trẻ từ 2-6 tuổi trong môi trường chăm sóc trẻ em và phát hiện ra những đặc điểm liên quan đến xã hội-dân số, nhiệm vụ và trẻ em về phản ứng căng thẳng. Các phản ứng căng thẳng đã được đánh giá ở 323 trẻ em qua cortisol nước bọt và amylase alpha trong nước bọt (sAA), và ở 328 trẻ em qua thay đổi trong độ biến thiên nhịp tim (HRV). Dữ liệu này sau đó được liên kết với các đặc điểm xã hội-dân số (ví dụ: SES), đặc điểm nhiệm vụ (ví dụ: độ dài nhiệm vụ) và đặc điểm trẻ em (ví dụ: tự điều chỉnh) của các phản ứng căng thẳng bằng cách sử dụng các mô hình đa cấp. Phân tích cho thấy tính phản ứng giao cảm tăng cao (sAA: Hệ số=0.053, p=0.004) và HRV giảm (Hệ số=-0.465, p<0.001), nhưng không có đáp ứng trục dưới đồi-thượng thận (HPA) (Hệ số=0.017, p=0.08) trong nhiệm vụ căng thẳng. Tuổi của trẻ (Hệ số=-5.82, p<0.001) và sự di chuyển trong quá trình thực hiện nhiệm vụ (Hệ số=-0.17, p=0.015) có liên quan đến sự phóng thích cortisol cấp tính, trong khi sAA theo nhịp ngày liên quan đến sự phóng thích sAA cấp tính (Hệ số=0.24, p<0.001). Tuổi (Hệ số=-0.15, p=0.006) và thời gian thực hiện nhiệm vụ (Hệ số=0.13, p=0.015) cũng có liên quan đến sự thay đổi HRV trong điều kiện căng thẳng cấp tính. Trẻ em đã thể hiện phản ứng căng thẳng không đồng nhất, điều này mâu thuẫn với giả thuyết về sự kích hoạt song song của cả hai hệ thống căng thẳng trong một nhiệm vụ căng thẳng hợp lệ cho trẻ nhỏ và có thể được giải thích bởi sự khởi đầu trước nhiệm vụ của trẻ nhỏ trong môi trường chăm sóc trẻ em. Những kết quả khác xác nhận rằng các điều kiện liên quan đến trẻ em và nhiệm vụ cần được xem xét khi đánh giá các phản ứng căng thẳng ở những trẻ nhỏ này.
Từ khóa
#căng thẳng cấp tính #cortisol #trẻ nhỏ #phản ứng sinh lý #môi trường chăm sóc trẻ emTài liệu tham khảo
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