Adverse effects of perioperative paracetamol, NSAIDs, glucocorticoids, gabapentinoids and their combinations: a topical review

Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica - Tập 58 Số 10 - Trang 1182-1198 - 2014
Ole Mathiesen1, Jørn Wetterslev2, Vesa Kontinen3, Hans‐Christian Pommergaard4, Lone Nikolajsen5, Jacob Rosenberg4, Mona Sahlholdt Hansen6, Katri Hamunen7, Jens Jørgen Kjer8, Jørgen B. Dahl6
1Section of Acute Pain Management Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital Copenhagen Denmark
2Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
3Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
4Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
5Department of Anaesthesiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
6Department of Anaesthesiology, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
7Pain Clinic, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
8Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

Tóm tắt

Post‐operative pain affects millions of patients worldwide and the post‐operative period has high rates of morbidity and mortality. Some of this morbidity may be related to analgesics. The aim of this review was to provide an update of current knowledge of adverse events (AE) associated with the most common perioperative non‐opioid analgesics: paracetamol, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), glucocorticoids (GCCs), gabapentinoids and their combinations. The review is based on data from systematic reviews with meta‐analyses of analgesic efficacy and/or adverse effects of perioperative non‐opioid analgesics, and randomised trials and cohort/retrospective studies. Generally, data on AE are sparse and related to the immediate post‐operative period. For paracetamol, the incidence of AEs appears trivial. Data are inconclusive regarding an association of NSAIDs with mortality, cardiovascular events, surgical bleeding and renal impairment. Anastomotic leakage may be associated with NSAID usage. No firm evidence exists for an association of NSAIDs with impaired bone healing. Single‐dose GCCs were not significantly related to increased infection rates or delayed wound healing. Gabapentinoid treatment was associated with increased sedation, dizziness and visual disturbances, but the clinical relevance needs clarification. Importantly, data on AEs of combinations of the above analgesics are sparse and inconclusive. Despite the potential adverse events associated with the most commonly applied non‐opioid analgesics, including their combinations, reporting of such events is sparse and confined to the immediate perioperative period. Knowledge of benefit and harm related to multimodal pain treatment is deficient and needs clarification in large trials with prolonged observation.

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DahlJB NielsenRV WetterslevJ NikolajsenL HamunenK KontinenVK HansenMS KjerJJ MathiesenO;Scandinavian Postoperative Pain Alliance (ScaPAlli).Post‐operative analgesic effects of paracetamol NSAIDs glucocorticoids gabapentinoids and their combinations: a topical review.Acta Anaesthesiol Scand2014. doi:10.1111/aas.12382.

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