Tổn thương phổi cấp tính: Một cái nhìn lâm sàng và phân tử
Tóm tắt
Tổn thương phổi cấp tính (ALI) và hội chứng suy hô hấp cấp (ARDS) là một quá trình liên tục của những thay đổi ở phổi xảy ra từ nhiều loại tổn thương phổi khác nhau, thường dẫn đến tình trạng bệnh tật đáng kể và thường là tử vong. Nghiên cứu về bệnh sinh phân tử của ALI/ARDS đang tiếp diễn, với mục tiêu phát triển các sinh marker phân tử tiên đoán và liệu pháp dựa trên phân tử. Bối cảnh.—
Mục tiêu là xem xét các đặc điểm lâm sàng, hình ảnh học và bệnh lý của ALI/ARDS; và bệnh sinh phân tử của ALI/ARDS, với sự cân nhắc đến các sinh marker phân tử có thể tiên đoán/tiên lượng và các liệu pháp dựa trên phân tử có thể. Mục tiêu.—
Kiểm tra tài liệu y khoa bằng tiếng Anh liên quan đến ALI và ARDS. Nguồn dữ liệu.—
ARDS chủ yếu là một chẩn đoán lâm sàng-hình ảnh; tuy nhiên, sinh thiết phổi đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc chẩn đoán ở một số trường hợp. Nhiều tiến bộ đáng kể đã được thực hiện trong việc làm sáng tỏ bệnh sinh của ARDS và trong việc dự đoán phản ứng của bệnh nhân, tuy nhiên hiện tại chưa có sinh marker phân tử nào khả thi để dự đoán mức độ nghiêm trọng của ARDS, hoặc các liệu pháp ARDS dựa trên phân tử. Các cytokine tiền viêm TNF-α (yếu tố hoại tử khối u α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 và IL-18 nằm trong số những sinh marker đầy hứa hẹn nhất cho việc dự đoán mức độ bệnh tật và tử vong. Kết luận.—
Từ khóa
#Tổn thương phổi cấp tính #Hội chứng suy hô hấp cấp #Bệnh sinh phân tử #Sinh marker phân tử #Cytokine tiền viêmTài liệu tham khảo
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