A trait‐based approach for assessing and mapping niche overlap between native and exotic species: the<scp>M</scp>editerranean coastal fish fauna as a case study

Diversity and Distributions - Tập 20 Số 11 - Trang 1333-1344 - 2014
J. Elleouet1,2, Camille Albouy3,2, Frida Ben Rais Lasram4, David Mouillot2, Fabien Leprieur2
1Centre for Forest Conservation Genetics University of British Columbia 2424 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
2UMR 5119 ECOSYM “Ecologie des Systèmes Marins Côtiers” (CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, UM1, UM2) place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
3Département de biologie, chimie et géographie Université du Québec à Rimouski 300 Allée des Ursulines G5L 3A1 Québec Canada
4Laboratoire Écosystèmes et Ressources Aquatiques UR03AGRO1 Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie 43 avenue Charles Nicolle 1082 Tunis Tunisia

Tóm tắt

AbstractAimWe propose a trait‐based approach for assessing and mapping potential niche overlap between native and exotic species at large spatial scales.LocationThe Mediterranean Sea.MethodsWe developed two complementary indices based on ecological, biological and ecomorphological similarities between native and exotic species. The first index (FNNr) allows identifying areas where native species are the most at risk in terms of potential ecological interactions with exotic species. The second index (FGO) is species‐specific and allows identifying native species that display the broadest functional niche overlap and range overlap with exotic species. We illustrated our approach using the Mediterranean coastal fish fauna as a case study.ResultsWe found that endemic and exotic fishes had a similar global functional niche at the Mediterranean scale, that is, they filled the same functional space defined by trait axes. FNNrhotspots were found to be moderately congruent with exotic species richness hotspots. Higher values of FNNrwere observed along the coasts of the Levantine Sea. The computation of the FGO index showed that the geographical range of a given endemic species overlapped in average with 52 exotic species. Species showing the highest FGO values displayed localized and/or fragmented distributions in the eastern Mediterranean basin.Main conclusionsOur findings suggest that the number of exotic species alone cannot be used as a broad‐scale indicator of potential impact because this metric does not account for functional relatedness between native and exotic species. The trait‐based indices developed in this study can be used for other taxa in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and should help environmental managers to set up local‐scale studies on areas where the potential impact of exotic species on native biodiversity is the highest.

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Diversity and Distributions

Tập 20 Số 11

1333-1344

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