A simple procedure for the assessment of hydropeaking flow alterations applied to several European streams

Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Hydrologie - Tập 77 - Trang 639-653 - 2015
Mauro Carolli1, Davide Vanzo1, Annunziato Siviglia2, Guido Zolezzi1, Maria Cristina Bruno3, Knut Alfredsen4
1Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanic Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
2Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
3Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
4Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

Tóm tắt

Release of water from storage hydropower plants generates rapid flow and stage fluctuations (hydropeaking) in the receiving water bodies at a variety of sub-daily time-scales. In this paper we present an approach to quantify such variations, which is easy to apply, requires stream flow data at a readily available resolution, and allows for the comparison of hydropeaking flow alteration amongst several gauged stations. Hydropeaking flow alteration is quantified by adopting a rigorous statistical approach and using two indicators related to flow magnitude and rate of change. We utilised a comprehensive stream-flow dataset of 105 gauging stations from Italy, Switzerland and Norway to develop our method. Firstly, we used a GIS approach to objectively assign the stations to one of two groups: gauges with an upstream water release from hydropower plants (peaked group) and without upstream releases (unpeaked group). Secondly, we used the datasets of the unpeaked group to calculate one threshold for each of the two indicators. Thresholds defined three different classes: absent or low pressure, medium, and high pressure, and all stations were classified according to these pressure levels. Thirdly, we showed that the thresholds can change, depending on the country dataset, the year chosen for the analysis, the number of gauging stations, and the temporal resolution of the dataset, but the outcome of the classification remains the same. Hence, the classification method we propose can be considered very robust since it is almost insensitive to the hydropeaking thresholds variability. Therefore, the method is broadly applicable to procedures for the evaluation of flow regime alterations and classification of river hydromorphological quality, and may help to guide river restoration actions.

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