A quantitative analysis of the development of the central nervous system in juvenile Aplysia californica

Wiley - Tập 20 Số 1 - Trang 25-47 - 1989
David M. Cash1, Thomas Carew1
1Departments of Psychology and Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520

Tóm tắt

Abstract

The marine mollusc Aplysia californica has proved to be a useful preparation for analyzing the development of learning and memory on both behavioral and cellular levels. An important issue in this analysis concerns the anatomical substrate upon which learning is superimposed during development. As a first step in examining this question, in the present study we have determined the number of neurons in all the major central ganglia at each stage during juvenile development, a time when several forms of learning first emerge in Aplysia. We found that a large and highly nonlinear proliferation of neurons occurs during juvenile development, with the greatest increase in cell number occurring during a specific juvenile stage: Stage 12. The neuronal proliferation is system‐wide, occurring in each of the central ganglia simultaneously, suggesting the action of a general developmental signal or trigger (perhaps a hormone). Accompanying the increase in neuron number in Stage 12 there is a large increase in neuropilar volume (150‐fold), which significantly increases the opportunity for synaptic interactions late in juvenile development.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1002/ar.1090940210

10.1073/pnas.81.24.7956

10.1002/cne.902550407

Booker R., 1987, Postembryonic neurogenesis in the CNS of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta? II. Hormonal control of imaginal nest cell degeneration and differentiation during metamorphosis, J. Neurosci., 7, 4107, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.07-12-04107.1987

10.1152/physrev.1987.67.2.329

Carew T. J., 1987, The Neural and Molecular Basis of Learning, 177

10.1146/annurev.ne.09.030186.002251

Cash D., 1987, A quantitative analysis of the development of the CNS in juvenile, Aplysia. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 13, 816

10.1152/jn.1967.30.6.1263

10.1083/jcb.31.2.363

10.1016/B978-0-12-751408-6.50010-2

10.1016/0306-4522(84)90043-5

Harkins E. W., 1988, Developmental expression of facilitatory neuropeptides in Aplysia, Neurosci. Abstr., 14, 163

Hawkins R. D., 1987, Handbook of Physiology. Section 1. The Nervous System, 25

10.1016/0006-8993(79)90441-4

Hickmott P. W., 1988, An autoradiographic analysis of neuronal proliferation in juvenile Aplysia, Neurosci. Abstr., 14, 163

Humason G. L., 1979, Animal Tissue Techniques

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.04-05-01225.1984

Kandel E. R., 1976, Cellular Basis of Behavior

Kandel E. R., 1979, Behavioral Biology of Aplysia

10.1146/annurev.ph.32.030170.001205

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.05-01-00072.1985

10.1002/jez.1401990212

10.1073/pnas.74.1.375

10.1073/pnas.71.9.3654

Lloyd P. E., 1985, Biochemical and immunocytological localization of molluscan small cardioactive peptides in the nervous system of Aplysia californica, J. Neurosci., 5, 1851, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.05-07-01851.1985

Marcus E. A., 1988, Development of tail sensory neurons in the pleural ganglia of Aplysia, Sco. Neurosci. Abstr., 14, 841

10.1126/science.6356362

Mpitsos G. J., 1985, The Mollusca, 96

10.1002/neu.480170603

Nolen T. G., 1987, Analysis of non‐decremented EPSPs prior to the emergence of sensitization reveals an inhibitory process in Aplysia, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 13, 816

Nolen T. G., 1988, The cellular analog of sensitization emerges at the same time in development as behavioral sensitization in Aplysia, J. Neurosci., 8, 212, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.08-01-00212.1988

Nolen T. G., 1987, Development of learning and memory in Aplysia: III. Central neural correlates, J. Neurosci., 7, 144, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.07-01-00144.1987

Nolen T. G., 1986, Development of neurotransmitters implicated in learning in, Aplysia, Soc. Neur, 12, 399

Ogawa F., 1939, The nervous system of earthworm (Pheretima communissima) in different ages, Sci. Rep. Res. Inst. Tohoku Univ., 4, 395

10.1126/science.6267693

10.1002/cne.901410303

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.07-01-00133.1987

Rankin C. H., 1987, Analysis of the developmental emergence of sensitization in Aplysia reveals an inhibitory effect of a facilitatory stimulus, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 13, 816

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.08-01-00197.1988

Rankin C. H., 1987, Development of learning and memory in Aplysia: I. Functional assembly of gill and siphon withdrawal, J. Neurosci., 7, 120, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.07-01-00120.1987

Rayport S. G.(1981).Development of the functional and plastic capabilities of neurons mediating a defensive behavior in Aplysia Ph.D. Thesis Columbia Univ. New York.

Rayport S. G., 1984, Differential emergence of cellular mechanisms mediating habituation and sensitization in the developing Aplysia nervous system, J. Neurosci., 4, 2528, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.04-10-02528.1984

10.1016/0012-1606(79)90090-3

10.1016/0012-1606(79)90091-5

10.1007/978-3-642-71516-7

10.1002/cne.902530211

Stopfer M., 1988, Development of sensitization in the escape locomotion system of Aplysia, J. Neurosci., 8, 223, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.08-01-00223.1988

10.1146/annurev.ne.07.030184.001131

10.1016/0012-1606(88)90067-X

10.1002/neu.480170606

10.1037/11774-000

Thông tin
: []
Thông tin xuất bản

Wiley

Tập 20 Số 1

25-47

Thông tin tác giả