A comparative study of on‐the‐road and simulated driving performance after nocturnal treatment with lormetazepam 1 mg and oxazepam 50 mg

Human Psychopharmacology - Tập 7 Số 5 - Trang 297-309 - 1992
Edmund R. Volkerts1, Margriet van Laar1, A. P. P. van Willigenburg1, T. A. Plomp1, R. A. A. Maes1
1Netherlands Institute for Drugs and Doping Research (NIDDR), Faculty of Pharmacy, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Tóm tắt

AbstractThe main purpose of this study was to compare the sensitivity of a driving simulator test model (TS2) with a standard on‐the‐road driving test, after one night treatment with lormetazepam 1 mg, oxazepam 50 mg (as a verum) and placebo. The secondary purpose was to measure the effects of the intended drugs and placebo in the same subject sample, after two treatment nights in the morning and in the afternoon, on on‐the‐road driving performance. Eighteen healthy male volunteers received the three treatments (2 consecutive nights each) according to a double‐blind, three‐way crossover design. Time of administration was set at 22.00 hours each night. An on‐the‐road driving test and a simulator driving test were conducted in the morning following the first night. After the second treatment night, on‐the‐road driving tests were performed in the morning and in the afternoon. The on‐the‐road driving test consisted of operating an instrumental automobile over a 100 km highway circuit at a constant speed (90 km/h) and constant steady lateral position between the right lane boundaries. Primary performance measure was the SD of lateral position (SDLP). The simulator test consisted of repeatedly performing ‘curve‐following’ manoeuvres, which was the main tracking control task, while simultaneously reacting to secondary visual signs. Test parameters were the number of correctly executed manoeuvres (TC) and reaction time (RT). Oxazepam 50 mg seriously impaired, and lormetazepam 1 mg slightly impaired, on‐the‐road driving performance in the morning, both after the first and second treatment night. The drugs produced no significant effects in the afternoon test following the second night. In contrast with these results, neither oxazepam 50 mg nor lormetazepam 1 mg affected simulator tracking control after one night. No deterioration was found for reaction time. Correlational and multiple regression analyses were applied to determine relationships between SDLP, TC and RT. The major conclusion of this study was that the TS2 driving simulator test does not predict residual drug effects in the on‐the‐road driving test, and seems to be a less sensitive measure of sedative drug‐induced impairment in contrast to the on‐the‐road driving test.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1007/BF02657065

Bond A., 1981, Psychopharmacology of Sleep, 177

10.1111/j.1365-2125.1975.tb00465.x

10.1177/001872087601800305

Cohen J., 1988, Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences

10.1002/hup.470040406

10.1007/BF00315207

Friedel B., 1991, Testing drivers taking diazepam in the Daimler‐Benz driving simulator, Journal of Traffic Medicine, 19, 15

10.1111/j.1365-2125.1980.tb01745.x

Janssen W. H., 1979, Routeplanning en geleiding: Een literatuurstudie. Report IZF 1979 C‐13

Van Laar M. W., 1992, Therapeutic effects and effects on actual driving performance of chronically administered buspirone and diazepam in anxious outpatients, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 12, 86

Louwerens J. W., 1986, Drugs and Driving, 203

Michon J. A., 1989, Handboek Sociale Verkeerskunde, 207

10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb01398.x

10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02590.x

O'Hanlon J. F. Volkerts E. R. DeVries G. Van ArkelA. Wiethof M.andMeyer T.(1983).Flurazepam's HCL's residual (hangover) effects upon actual driving performance. Technical Report VK 83–02 Traffic Research Centre University of Groningen the Netherlands.

Oswald I., 1979, Pharmacology of the states of Alertness, 51

Roth T., 1979, Effects of temazepam, flurazepam and quinalbarbitone on sleep psychomotor and cognitive function, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2, 223

10.1016/0001-4575(85)90029-6

10.1111/j.1365-2125.1974.tb01693.x

Volkerts E. R., 1986, Drugs and Driving, 123

10.1002/hup.470070402

10.1037/h0028329

Willumeit H. P.andNeubert W.(1979). Uberprüfung der Fahrtüchtig‐keit unter dem Einiffüss von Medikamenten und Alkohol Kongressbericht 1979 der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Verkehrsmedizin e. v. In:Unfall und Sicherheitsforschung Strassenverkehr Bundesministerium für Verkehrs/Bundesanstalt für Starßenwesen (eds). Heft 21.

Willumeit H. P., 1981, Road Safety, Research and Practice, 43

Willumeit H. P. Kramer U.andNeubert W.(1982).Simulated car driving as a useful technique for determination of residual effects and alcohol interaction after short‐and long acting benzodiazepines. Proceedings of 13th Collegium Internationale‐Jerusalem Israel.

10.1080/00140138308963438

10.1007/978-3-642-69659-6_16

Willumeit H. P., Human Psychopharmacology: Measures and Methods

Winer B. J., 1971, Statistical Principles in Experimental Design

Ziedman K. Smiley A.andMoskowitz H.(1979).Effects of drugs on driving: driving simulator tests of diazepam and secobarbital. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society (23rd Annual Meeting Boston MA).

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Human Psychopharmacology

Tập 7 Số 5

297-309

Thông tin tác giả