A climatic stratification of the environment of Europe

Global Ecology and Biogeography - Tập 14 Số 6 - Trang 549-563 - 2005
Marc J. Metzger1, R.G.H. Bunce2, R.H.G. Jongman2, C.A. Mücher2, John Watkins3
1Wageningen University, Plant Production Systems, PO Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands,
2Alterra Green World Research, PO Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands and
3Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK

Tóm tắt

ABSTRACT

Aim  To produce a statistical stratification of the European environment, suitable for stratified random sampling of ecological resources, the selection of sites for representative studies across the continent, and to provide strata for modelling exercises and reporting.

Location  A ‘Greater European Window’ with the following boundaries: 11° W, 32° E, 34° N, 72° N.

Methods  Twenty of the most relevant available environmental variables were selected, based on experience from previous studies. Principal components analysis (PCA) was used to explain 88% of the variation into three dimensions, which were subsequently clustered using an ISODATA clustering routine. The mean first principal component values of the classification variables were used to aggregate the strata into Environmental Zones and to provide a basis for consistent nomenclature.

Results  The Environmental Stratification of Europe (EnS) consists of 84 strata, which have been aggregated into 13 Environmental Zones. The stratification has a 1 km2 resolution. Aggregations of the strata have been compared to other European classifications using the Kappa statistic, and show ‘good’ comparisons. The individual strata have been described using data from available environmental databases. The EnS is available for noncommercial use by applying to the corresponding author.

Main conclusions  The Environmental Stratification of Europe has been constructed using tried and tested statistical procedures. It forms an appropriate stratification for stratified random sampling of ecological resources, the selection of sites for representative studies across the continent and for the provision of strata for modelling exercises and reporting at the European scale.

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Global Ecology and Biogeography

Tập 14 Số 6

549-563

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