A Unified Theory Based on SO (5) Symmetry of Superconductivity and Antiferromagnetism

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) - Tập 275 Số 5303 - Trang 1089-1096 - 1997
Shengbai Zhang1
1Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

Tóm tắt

The complex phase diagram of high-critical temperature ( T c ) superconductors can be deduced from an SO (5) symmetry principle that unifies antiferromagnetism and d -wave superconductivity. The approximate SO (5) symmetry has been derived from the microscopic Hamiltonian, and it becomes exact under renormalization group flow toward a bicritical point. This symmetry enables the construction of a SO (5) quantum nonlinear σ model that describes the phase diagram and the effective low-energy dynamics of the system. This model naturally explains the basic phenomenology of the high- T c superconductors from the insulating to the underdoped and the optimally doped region.

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I thank R. B. Laughlin for a stimulating discussion that helped me form the superspin concept and T. M. Rice for a stimulating discussion that led to the identification of the triplet magnetic excitation of the quantum-disordered phase with the π triplet mode of the SC phase. I thank J. R. Schrieffer S. Kivelson R. B. Laughlin and D. Scalapino for patiently teaching me about various aspects of the high- T c problem throughout the years and for sharing with me their deep insights and enthusiasm and C. P. Burgess and C. Lütken for tutoring me about the nonlinear σ model theory of QCD. Inspiring discussions with N. Bulut E. Demler H. Fukuyama M. Greiter W. Hanke B. Keimer H. Kohno S. Meixner N. Nagaosa and Z. X. Shen are also gratefully acknowledged. Last but not least I thank C. N. Yang for collaborating on an earlier work which inspired the current one and for impressing me with the power of symmetry. Supported by the NSF under grants DMR-9400372 and DMR-9522915. Part of this work was carried out while visiting the IBM Almaden Research Center and I thank B. A. Jones for the hospitality extended to me during my visit.