A Bacteriophage T4 Nanoparticle-Based Dual Vaccine against Anthrax and Plague

mBio - Tập 9 Số 5 - 2018
Tao Pan1, Marthandan Mahalingam1, Jingen Zhu1, Mahtab Moayeri2, Jian Sha3,4, William S. Lawrence3,4, Stephen H. Leppla2, Ashok K. Chopra5,3,4,6,7, Venigalla B. Rao1
1Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA,
2Microbial Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
3Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, Texas USA
4Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
5Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
6Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
7Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA

Tóm tắt

Following the deadly anthrax attacks of 2001, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) determined that Bacillus anthracis and Yersinia pestis that cause anthrax and plague, respectively, are two Tier 1 select agents that pose the greatest threat to the national security of the United States. Both cause rapid death, in 3 to 6 days, of exposed individuals. We engineered a virus nanoparticle vaccine using bacteriophage T4 by incorporating key antigens of both B. anthracis and Y. pestis into one formulation. Two doses of this vaccine provided complete protection against both inhalational anthrax and pneumonic plague in animal models. This dual anthrax-plague vaccine is a strong candidate for stockpiling against a potential bioterror attack involving either one or both of these biothreat agents. Further, our results establish the T4 nanoparticle as a novel platform to develop multivalent vaccines against pathogens of high public health significance.

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