Effects of laboratory culture on compatibility between snails and schistosomes

Parasitology - Tập 135 Số 10 - Trang 1179-1188 - 2008
André Thèron1, Christine Coustau2, Ana Oleaga1, Sébastien Gourbière3, Michael S. Blouin1
1UMR 5244 CNRS-EPHE-UPVD, Biologie et Ecologie Tropicale et Méditerranéenne, Université Via Domitia. 52 Av. Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France.
2U547 Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 Rue du Prof. Calmette, BP 245, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
3EA 3680, Mathématiques et Physique pour les Systèmes (MEPS), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Av. Paul Alduy. 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France

Tóm tắt

SUMMARYThe genetic control of compatibility between laboratory strains of schistosomes and their snail hosts has been studied intensively since the 1970s. These studies show (1) a bewildering array of genotype-by-genotype interactions – compatibility between one pair of strains rarely predicts compatibility with other strains, and (2) evidence for a variety of (sometimes conflicting) genetic mechanisms. Why do we observe such variable and conflicting results? One possibility is that it is partly an artifact of the use of laboratory strains that have been in culture for many years and are often inbred. Here we show that results of compatibility trials between snails and schistosomes – all derived from the same natural population – depend very much on whether one uses laboratory-cultured or field-collected individuals. Explanations include environmental effects of the lab on either host or parasite, and genetic changes in either host or parasite during laboratory culture. One intriguing possibility is that genetic bottlenecks during laboratory culture cause the random fixation of alleles at highly polymorphic loci that control the matched/mismatched status of hosts and parasites. We show that a simple model of phenotype matching could produce dose response curves that look very similar to empirical observations. Such a model would explain much of the genotype-by-genotype interaction in compatibility observed among strains.

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Parasitology

Tập 135 Số 10

1179-1188

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