Global Iron Connections Between Desert Dust, Ocean Biogeochemistry, and Climate

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) - Tập 308 Số 5718 - Trang 67-71 - 2005
Tim Jickells1,2,3,4,5, Zhisheng An1,2,3,5, K. K. Andersen1,2,3,5, Alex R. Baker1,2,3,4,5, G. Bergametti1,2,3,4,5, Nick Brooks1,2,3,4,5, Junji Cao1,2,3,5, Philip W. Boyd1,6,2,4,5, Robert A. Duce1,2,3,4,5, Keith A. Hunter1,2,3,4,5, Hodaka Kawahata1,2,3,4,5, N. Kubilay7,1,2,3,5, Julie LaRoche1,2,3,4,5, Peter S. Liss1,2,3,4,5, N. M. Mahowald1,2,3,4,5, Joseph M. Prospero1,2,3,4,5, Andy Ridgwell8,1,2,3,5, Ina Tegen1,2,3,4,5, Rodrigo Torres1,2,3,4,5,9
1Laboratoire Inter-universitaire des Systèmes Atmospherique, Universités Paris 7 and Paris 12, UMR CNRS 7583, Paris, France.
2National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Centre for Chemical and Physical Oceanography, Department of Chemistry; Post Office Box 56; University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
3Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
4School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR47TJ, UK
5State Key Lab of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, AS, 10 Fenghui South Road, Post Office Box 17, China.
6National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Centre for Chemical and Physical Oceanography, Department of Chemistry
7Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Post Office Box 28, Erdemli-Mersin 33731, Turkey.
8Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, 6339 Stores Road, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4 Canada.
9Universidad de Conception, Departamento de Oceanografia, Casilla 160C, Chile.

Tóm tắt

The environmental conditions of Earth, including the climate, are determined by physical, chemical, biological, and human interactions that transform and transport materials and energy. This is the “Earth system”: a highly complex entity characterized by multiple nonlinear responses and thresholds, with linkages between disparate components. One important part of this system is the iron cycle, in which iron-containing soil dust is transported from land through the atmosphere to the oceans, affecting ocean biogeochemistry and hence having feedback effects on climate and dust production. Here we review the key components of this cycle, identifying critical uncertainties and priorities for future research.

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We acknowledge the leadership of the Surface Ocean–Lower Atmosphere Study project (www.solas-int.org) for conceiving this synthesis. We thank the International Council for Science the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation NSF (grants GEO-0402845 and OCE 0228863) the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme and the Scientific Committee on Ocean Research for partial support of this work and B. Sulzberger for her contribution to this work.

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American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Tập 308 Số 5718

67-71

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