Scanning near-field optical microscopy with aperture probes: Fundamentals and applications

Journal of Chemical Physics - Tập 112 Số 18 - Trang 7761-7774 - 2000
Bert Hecht1, Beate Sick1, Urs P. Wild1, Volker Deckert2, Renato Zenobi2, Olivier J. F. Martin3, Dieter Pohl4
1Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Z, Universitätstr. 22, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
2Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Z, Universitätstr. 16, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
3Electromagnetic Fields and Microwave Electronics Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Gloriastrasse 35, ETZ ETH-Zentrum, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
4Institute of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstr. 82,CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland

Tóm tắt

In this review we describe fundamentals of scanning near-field optical microscopy with aperture probes. After the discussion of instrumentation and probe fabrication, aspects of light propagation in metal-coated, tapered optical fibers are considered. This includes transmission properties and field distributions in the vicinity of subwavelength apertures. Furthermore, the near-field optical image formation mechanism is analyzed with special emphasis on potential sources of artifacts. To underline the prospects of the technique, selected applications including amplitude and phase contrast imaging, fluorescence imaging, and Raman spectroscopy, as well as near-field optical desorption, are presented. These examples demonstrate that scanning near-field optical microscopy is no longer an exotic method but has matured into a valuable tool.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

1994, Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process., 59, 89, 10.1007/BF00332200

1996, Rep. Prog. Phys., 59, 657, 10.1088/0034-4885/59/5/002

1999, Chem. Rev., 99, 2891, 10.1021/cr980130e

1999, Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci., 29, 433, 10.1146/annurev.matsci.29.1.433

1873, Archiv. Mikroscop. Anat. Entwicklungsmech., 9, 413, 10.1007/BF02956173

1928, Philos. Mag., 6, 356, 10.1080/14786440808564615

1931, Philos. Mag., 11, 65, 10.1080/14786443109461663

1982, Helv. Phys. Acta, 55, 726

1984, Appl. Phys. Lett., 44, 651, 10.1063/1.94865

1986, J. Appl. Phys., 59, 3318, 10.1063/1.336848

1984, Ultramicroscopy, 13, 227, 10.1016/0304-3991(84)90201-8

1986, Appl. Phys. Lett., 49, 674, 10.1063/1.97565

1987, Appl. Phys. Lett., 51, 2088, 10.1063/1.98956

1992, Science, 257, 189, 10.1126/science.257.5067.189

1994, J. Microsc., 177, 115

1995, Ultramicroscopy, 57, 228, 10.1016/0304-3991(94)00144-C

1989, Phys. Rev. Lett., 62, 458, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.62.458

1995, Science, 269, 1083, 10.1126/science.269.5227.1083

1995, J. Microsc., 178, 14, 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1995.tb03575.x

1995, Ultramicroscopy, 57, 318, 10.1016/0304-3991(94)00160-O

1995, Phys. Rev. Lett., 75, 3098, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.3098

1996, J. Biomed. Opt., 1, 75, 10.1117/12.227700

1999, J. Microsc., 194, 291, 10.1046/j.1365-2818.1999.00523.x

1999, Nature (London), 399, 134, 10.1038/20154

1999, Phys. Rev. Lett., 82, 4014, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.4014

1989, Opt. Commun., 71, 23, 10.1016/0030-4018(89)90297-6

1989, Phys. Rev. B, 39, 767, 10.1103/PhysRevB.39.767

1993, Opt. Commun., 96, 225, 10.1016/0030-4018(93)90265-7

1999, Phys. Rev. Lett., 82, 2590, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.2590

1995, Ultramicroscopy, 57, 124, 10.1016/0304-3991(94)00123-5

1992, Appl. Phys. Lett., 60, 2957, 10.1063/1.106801

1992, Appl. Phys. Lett., 60, 2484, 10.1063/1.106940

1995, Appl. Phys. Lett., 66, 1842, 10.1063/1.113340

1995, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 66, 3569, 10.1063/1.1145471

1997, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 68, 4478, 10.1063/1.1148450

1997, Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, 545, 10.1063/1.119604

1998, Appl. Phys. Lett., 73, 2594, 10.1063/1.122516

1996, Appl. Phys. Lett., 68, 307, 10.1063/1.116068

1997, Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, 28, 10.1063/1.119482

1999, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 16, 141, 10.1364/JOSAA.16.000141

1998, J. Appl. Phys., 84, 5873, 10.1063/1.368902

1997, J. Microsc., 186, 17, 10.1046/j.1365-2818.1997.00173.x

1997, Appl. Phys. Lett., 70, 1236, 10.1063/1.118540

1991, Science, 251, 1468, 10.1126/science.251.5000.1468

1995, Appl. Opt., 34, 1215, 10.1364/AO.34.001215

1995, Ultramicroscopy, 61, 165, 10.1016/0304-3991(95)00122-0

1996, Appl. Phys. Lett., 68, 2491, 10.1063/1.115831

1998, Appl. Phys. Lett., 73, 2090, 10.1063/1.122387

1999, Appl. Phys. Lett., 75, 160, 10.1063/1.124305

1998, Appl. Opt., 37, 7289, 10.1364/AO.37.007289

1994, Phys. Rev. E, 50, 4094, 10.1103/PhysRevE.50.4094

1995, Appl. Phys. Lett., 67, 2597, 10.1063/1.115143

1995, Appl. Phys. Lett., 67, 2771, 10.1063/1.114588

1996, Appl. Phys. Lett., 68, 2603, 10.1063/1.116195

1996, Appl. Phys. Lett., 69, 325, 10.1063/1.118048

1995, Opt. Lett., 20, 970, 10.1364/OL.20.000970

1944, Phys. Rev., 66, 163, 10.1103/PhysRev.66.163

1950, Philips Res. Rep., 5, 321

1995, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 12, 695, 10.1364/JOSAA.12.000695

1998, Appl. Phys. Lett., 72, 3115, 10.1063/1.121564

1950, Commun. Pure Appl. Math., 3, 355, 10.1002/cpa.3160030403

1996, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 13, 1801, 10.1364/JOSAA.13.001801

1996, Phys. Rev. Lett., 77, 1889, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.1889

1994, Phys. Rev. Lett., 73, 2764, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.2764

1997, Prog. Surf. Sci., 56, 133, 10.1016/S0079-6816(98)00004-5

1999, J. Microsc., 194, 235, 10.1046/j.1365-2818.1999.00560.x

1998, Phys. Rev. E, 58, 3909, 10.1103/PhysRevE.58.3909

1998, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., 46, 1126, 10.1109/8.718567

1997, J. Appl. Phys., 81, 2492, 10.1063/1.363956

1981, J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 19, 881, 10.1116/1.571227

1982, Appl. Phys. Lett., 41, 377, 10.1063/1.93501

1995, Ultramicroscopy, 61, 1, 10.1016/0304-3991(95)00095-X

1998, Bioimaging, 6, 43, 10.1002/1361-6374(199803)6:1<43::AID-BIO6>3.0.CO;2-F

2000, J. Chem. Phys., 112, 7799, 10.1063/1.481385

1998, Langmuir, 14, 2225, 10.1021/la980037l

1996, Anal. Chem., 68, 4397, 10.1021/ac960710g

1999, Anal. Chem., 71, 279, 10.1021/ac980688m

1995, Ultramicroscopy, 61, 247, 10.1016/0304-3991(95)00117-4

1996, J. Raman Spectrosc., 27, 579, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4555(199608)27:8<579::AID-JRS13>3.0.CO;2-4

1997, Anal. Chem., 69, 749, 10.1021/ac9609438

1998, Appl. Phys. Lett., 72, 1478, 10.1063/1.120598

1996, SPIE, 2863, 54

1996, Opt. Commun., 129, 414, 10.1016/S0030-4018(96)00174-5

1997, Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, 575, 10.1063/1.119798

1985, Rev. Mod. Phys., 57, 783, 10.1103/RevModPhys.57.783

1992, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 4, 1143

1998, Anal. Chem., 70, 2646, 10.1021/ac971304f

1997, Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, 1667, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.1667

1997, Science, 275, 1102, 10.1126/science.275.5303.1102

1998, Chem. Phys. Lett., 283, 381, 10.1016/S0009-2614(97)01391-2

1997, Appl. Phys. Lett., 70, 1671, 10.1063/1.118665

1997, J. Phys. Chem. B, 101, 6955

1996, Appl. Phys. Lett., 68, 2491, 10.1063/1.115831

1996, Appl. Phys. Lett., 69, 433, 10.1063/1.118085

1990, Chem. Phys., 144, 415, 10.1016/0301-0104(90)80108-A

1995, Appl. Phys. Lett., 67, 3859, 10.1063/1.115297

1998, Opt. Commun., 146, 45, 10.1016/S0030-4018(97)00506-3

1998, Biophys. J., 75, 1513, 10.1016/S0006-3495(98)74070-6

1999, Biophys. J., 76, 1092, 10.1016/S0006-3495(99)77274-7

1999, J. Microsc., 194, 15

2000, Biophys. J., 78, 458, 10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76608-2

1984, Prog. Surf. Sci., 17, 153, 10.1016/0079-6816(84)90017-0

1999, J. Appl. Phys., 85, 1294, 10.1063/1.369260

1996, Appl. Phys. B: Lasers Opt., 63, 525, 10.1007/s003400050119

1997, JETP Lett., 65, 465, 10.1134/1.567380

1999, Biophys. J., 76, 1812, 10.1016/S0006-3495(99)77341-8

1999, Appl. Phys. Lett., 74, 3453, 10.1063/1.124125

1996, Phys. Rev. Lett., 76, 1948, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.1948

1998, Appl. Phys. Lett., 73, 2176, 10.1063/1.122414

1999, Appl. Phys. Lett., 74, 61, 10.1063/1.123133

1999, Appl. Phys. Lett., 75, 3500, 10.1063/1.125368

1998, Ultramicroscopy, 71, 111, 10.1016/S0304-3991(97)00054-5

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Chemical Physics

Tập 112 Số 18

7761-7774

Thông tin tác giả