Mentha longifolia syrup in secondary amenorrhea: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trials
Tóm tắt
Amenorrhea is defined as the cessation of menses. Hormone therapy is the most common treatment. Due to the contraindications and side effects of it and the increasing demand for alternative medicine substitutes, Mentha longifolia L. was used in this study. Mentha longifolia L. is a known medication in Iranian traditional medicine to induce menstrual bleeding in women with secondary amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study was conducted in 120 women with secondary amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea. Treatment consisted of sequential oral syrup, 45 ml (15 ml three times a day) for 2 weeks. If the patients did not have menstruation after 2 weeks of taking the medication, we would wait for two more weeks. If the patients had menstruation at each stage of using the drug, we started it one week after the end of menstruation. But if the patients had not menstruate after four weeks (two-week using of drug and waiting for two more weeks), the previous steps were repeated. The drug and placebo were repeated in three cycles of menstruation. Bleeding was documented by the patient on diary cards. The primary outcome variable was the occurrence (yes/no) of bleeding during the first treatment cycle. The secondary efficacy outcome was the regularity of bleeding pattern during the three cycles of the study. The number of women with bleeding during the first cycle were higher in the drug group as in the placebo group (68.3% vs. 13.6%; p < 0.001). The regularity of bleeding throughout the study was markedly better in the drug group compared with those given placebo (33.3% vs. 3.3%; p < 0.001). No notable complication or side effect was reported in relation to Mentha longifolia L. syrup. In conclusion, Mentha longifolia L. syrup is a safe, well-tolerated, and effective choice in inducing bleeding and maintaining regular bleeding in women with secondary amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Deligeoroglou E, Athanasopoulos N, Tsimaris P, Dimopoulos KD, Vrachnis N, Creatsas G: Evaluation and management of adolescent amenorrhea. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010, 12 (5): 23-32.
Panay N, Pritsch M, Alt J: Cyclical dydrogesterone in secondary amenorrhea: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2007, 23 (11): 611-618. 10.1080/09513590701582554.
Cardigno P: Homeopathy for the treatment of menstrual irregularities: a case series. Homeopathy. 2009, 98 (2): 97-106. 10.1016/j.homp.2009.01.004.
Speroff L, Glass RH, Kase NG: Clinical gynecologyic endocrinology and infertility. 2011, Baltimore: lippincot willims & wikins & Wolters Kluwer, Eighth edition
Taponen S, Martikainen H, Jarvelin MR, Laitinen J, Pouta A, Hartikainen AL: Hormonal profile of women with self-reported symptoms of oligomenorrhea and/or hirsutism: Northern Finland birth cohort 1966 study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003, 88 (1): 141-147. 10.1210/jc.2002-020982.
Genazzani AD, Ricchieri F, Lanzoni C, Strucchi C, Jasonni VM: Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to hypothalamic amenorrhea. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006, 1092: 103-113. 10.1196/annals.1365.009.
Genazzani AD, Chierchia E, Santagni S, Rattighieri E, Farinetti A, Lanzoni C: Hypothalamic amenorrhea: from diagnosis to therapeutical approach. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2010, 71 (3): 163-169. 10.1016/j.ando.2010.02.006.
Hernandez I, Cervera-Aguilar R, Vergara MD, Ayala AR: Prevalence and etiology of secondary amenorrhea in a selected Mexican population. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 1999, 67: 374-376.
Devoto E, Aravena L, Gaete X: Has oligomenorrhea a pathological meaning? The importance of this symptom in internal medicine. Rev Med Chil. 1998, 126 (8): 943-951.
Lieman H, Santoro N: Premature ovarian failure: a modern approach to diagnosis and treatment. Endocrinologist. 1997, 7 (5): 314-10.1097/00019616-199707050-00006.
Panay N, Kalu E: Management of premature ovarian failure. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2009, 23 (1): 129-140. 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2008.10.008.
Azizi MH: The otorhinolaryngologic concepts as viewed by Rhazes and Avicenna. Arch Iran Med. 2007, 10 (4): 552-555.
Emtiazy M, Choopani R, Khodadoost M, Tansaz M, Nazem E: Atheroprotector role of the spleen based on the teaching of Avicenna (Ibn Sina). Int J Cardiol. 2012, in press.
Ibn-e-sina (Avicenna Husain): Al-Qanun fit-tib [The Canon of Medicine], (research of ebrahim shamsedine). 2005, Beirut, Lebanon: Alaalami Beirut library Press, in arabic.
Tansaz M, Mokaberinejad R, Bioos S, Sohrabvand F, Emtiazy M: Avicenna aspect of Premature Ovarian Failure (POF). Iran J Reprod Med. 2012, in press.
Aqili Khorasani SMHIMH: Medicine. Medicine IfIaC. Edited by: Kholasat-Alhekmah . 2008, Tehran: Tehran university of Medical Sciences, 31-80.
Razi Mohammad ibn z: Alhavi. 2010, Tehran: The Institute for Medical History- Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Okoh O, Afolayan A: The effects of hydrodistillation and solvent free microwave extraction methods on the chemical composition and toxicity of essential oils from the leaves of Mentha longifolia L. subsp. capensis. African. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2011, 5 (22): 2474-2478.
Naghibi F, Mosaddegh M, Mohammadi Motamed S, Ghorbani A: Labiatae family in folk medicine in Iran: from ethnobotany to pharmacology. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2009, 4 (2): 63-79.
Dessole S, Coccollone E, Ambrosini G, D’Antona D, Vargiu N, Cherchi PL: Oligomenorrhea treatment by purified FSH using a fixed protocol. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1996, 42 (3): 187-190. 10.1159/000291949.
Shariati M, Esfandiari A, Modarresi M, Rahmani Z: Antifertility Effects of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of Mentha pulegium Leaves in Adult Male Rats. Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Science. 2012, 19 (1): 34-41.
Akdogan M, Ozguner M, Kocak A, Oncu M, Cicek E: Effects of peppermint teas on plasma testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone levels and testicular tissue in rats. Urology. 2004, 64 (2): 394-398. 10.1016/j.urology.2004.03.046.
Akdogan M, Tamer MN, Cure E, Cure MC, Koroglu BK, Delibas N: Effect of spearmint (Mentha spicata Labiatae) teas on androgen levels in women with hirsutism. Phytother Res. 2007, 21 (5): 444-447. 10.1002/ptr.2074.
Kamali SH, Khalaj AR, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Esfehani MM, Kamalinejad M, Omidmalayeri S: Efficacy of ‘Itrifal Saghir’, a combination of three medicinal plants in the treatment of obesity; A randomized controlled trial. DARU. 2012, in press.