Respiratory syncytial virus infection—risk factors for hospital admission: a case‐control study

Wiley - Tập 92 Số 11 - Trang 1314-1321 - 2003
H. E. Nielsen1, Volkert Siersma2, Stine Bang Andersen3, Bente Gahrn‐Hansen4, Carl H. Mordhorst5, Hideo Kanaide6, Bent Røder7, T I A Sørensen6, R Temme5, Vestergaard Bf5
1Department of Paediatrics, Gentofte University Hospital, Denmark
2Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
3Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
4Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospitals of Odense, Denmark
5Departments of Virology, Statens Serum Institute, Denmark
6Clinical Biochemistry, Statens Serum Institute, Denmark
7Herlev, Statens Serum Institute, Denmark

Tóm tắt

Most infants are infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) during the first 2 y of life. The majority have only a mild upper respiratory tract infection, but 1–2% develop a more severe illness and are admitted to hospital. Aim: To carry out a study of risk factors for hospital admission because of RSV infection in Denmark in children aged less than 2 y of age. Methods: The study population included all 1252 children admitted to hospital with verified RSV infection in two Danish counties during the 5‐y period 1990–1994. The investigation comprised a retrospective case‐control study with five matched controls per case. In a multivariate analysis the risk factors included medical and demographic variables, and in infants < 3 mo of age at hospitalization, two aspects of innate immunity: mannose‐binding lectin (MBL) concentration and maternal RSV serum antibody titre, measured on eluates from stored dried blood from the infants’4th day of life. The effect of each risk factor is expressed as an odds ratio, corresponding to the relative risk of being a case rather than a control if the risk factor is present. Results: The following independent risk factors were identified: age, sex, month of birth, gestational age, birthweight, presence of a sibling, up to 5 y older than the case, and maternal smoking during pregnancy. There was a marginal effect of maternal RSV antibody levels, but no effect of neonatal serum MBL concentration or of crowding in the household. Conclusions: Ninety percent of cases and 80% of controls had one or more risk factors. Even though several factors were found to increase the risk for hospitalization for RSV disease, all the effects were small and no single specific factor could be identified to explain the hospitalization of the minority of children with RSV infection.

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Wiley

Tập 92 Số 11

1314-1321

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