Annual Research Review: DNA methylation as a mediator in the association between risk exposure and child and adolescent psychopathology

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines - Tập 59 Số 4 - Trang 303-322 - 2018
Edward D. Barker1, Esther Walton1,2, Charlotte A. M. Cecil1
1Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
2Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

Tóm tắt

BackgroundDNA methylation (DNAm) is a potential mechanism for propagating the effects of environmental exposures on child and adolescent mental health. In recent years, this field has experienced steady growth.MethodsWe provide a strategic review of the current child and adolescent literature to evaluate evidence for a mediating role of DNAm in the link between environmental risks and psychopathological outcomes, with a focus on internalising and externalising difficulties.ResultsBased on the studies presented, we conclude that there is preliminary evidence to support that (a) environmental factors, such as diet, neurotoxic exposures and stress, influence offspring DNAm, and that (b) variability in DNAm, in turn, is associated with child and adolescent psychopathology. Overall, very few studies have examined DNAm in relation to both exposures and outcomes, and almost all analyses have been correlational in nature.ConclusionsDNAm holds potential as a biomarker indexing both environmental risk exposure and vulnerability for child psychopathology. However, the extent to which it may represent a causal mediator is not clear. In future, collection of prospective risk exposure, DNAm and outcomes – as well as functional characterisation of epigenetic findings – will assist in determining the role of DNAm in the link between risk exposure and psychopathology.

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Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines

Tập 59 Số 4

303-322

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