Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance following traumatic brain injury: a randomised controlled trial

BMC Medicine - Tập 16 - Trang 1-10 - 2018
Natalie A. Grima1, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam2, Darren Mansfield3, Tracey L. Sletten2, Gershon Spitz2, Jennie L. Ponsford2,4
1Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
2School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
3Monash Lung and Sleep, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia
4Monash-Epworth Rehabilitation Research Centre, Epworth Healthcare, Richmond, Australia

Tóm tắt

The study aimed to determine the efficacy of melatonin supplementation for sleep disturbances in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). This is a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled two-period two-treatment (melatonin and placebo) crossover study. Outpatients were recruited from Epworth and Austin Hospitals Melbourne, Australia. They had mild to severe TBI (n = 33) reporting sleep disturbances post-injury (mean age 37 years, standard deviation 11 years; 67% men). They were given prolonged-release melatonin formulation (2 mg; Circadin®) and placebo capsules for 4 weeks each in a counterbalanced fashion separated by a 48-hour washout period. Treatment was taken nightly 2 hours before bedtime. Serious adverse events and side-effects were monitored. Melatonin supplementation significantly reduced global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores relative to placebo, indicating improved sleep quality [melatonin 7.68 vs. placebo 9.47, original score units; difference -1.79; 95% confidence interval (CI), -2.70 to -0.88; p ≤ 0.0001]. Melatonin had no effect on sleep onset latency (melatonin 1.37 vs. placebo 1.42, log units; difference -0.05; 95% CI, -0.14 to 0.03; p = 0.23). With respect to the secondary outcomes, melatonin supplementation increased sleep efficiency on actigraphy, and vitality and mental health on the SF-36 v1 questionnaire (p ≤ 0.05 for each). Melatonin decreased anxiety on the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale and fatigue on the Fatigue Severity Scale (p ≤ 0.05 for both), but had no significant effect on daytime sleepiness on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (p = 0.15). No serious adverse events were reported. Melatonin supplementation over a 4-week period is effective and safe in improving subjective sleep quality as well as some aspects of objective sleep quality in patients with TBI. Identifier: 12611000734965; Prospectively registered on 13 July 2011.

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