Genetic Evidence for an East Asian Origin of Domestic Dogs
Tóm tắt
The origin of the domestic dog from wolves has been established, but the number of founding events, as well as where and when these occurred, is not known. To address these questions, we examined the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence variation among 654 domestic dogs representing all major dog populations worldwide. Although our data indicate several maternal origins from wolf, >95% of all sequences belonged to three phylogenetic groups universally represented at similar frequencies, suggesting a common origin from a single gene pool for all dog populations. A larger genetic variation in East Asia than in other regions and the pattern of phylogeographic variation suggest an East Asian origin for the domestic dog, ∼15,000 years ago.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
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Dogs were categorized into geographic groups on the basis that they either were of a breed with known geographic origin or were living in an area with little import of foreign breeds: Africa (sample size n = 35) [North ( n = 8) South ( n = 27) of Sahara]; America ( n = 25); Europe ( n = 207) [British Isles ( n = 65) Continent ( n = 93) Scandinavia ( n = 49)]; East Asia ( n = 260) [China ( n = 129) Japan ( n = 96) Southeast Asia ( n = 21) miscellaneous ( n = 14)]; Southwest Asia here defined as Asia west of China and India ( n = 90) [Turkey ( n = 24) Israel ( n = 18) Iran ( n = 14) miscellaneous ( n = 34)]; India ( n = 13).
Materials and methods are available on Science Online.
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This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council the Swedish Kennel Club the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan of China (G20000161) and Natural Sciences Foundation of China. We thank numerous contributors of samples especially J. Koler-Matznickand D. Selin for sampling coordination and L. Arvestad for help with calculations. mtDNA sequences have been deposited in GenBank (accession numbers to and to ).