Effects of vitamin D and/or calcium intervention on sleep quality in individuals with prediabetes: a post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Yufan Miao1, Luoya Zhang1, Dongdong Zhang1, Mingming Feng1, Chunyang Zhang2,3, Tong Zhao1, Hanlu Song1, Xiaoqin Zhong4, Zhongyan Jiang1, Longkang Li1, Xiaonuo Wei1, Wenjie Li1, Xing Li1
1Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
2Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
3Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hami Central Hospital, Hami, China
4Sinopharm Xingsha Pharmaceuticals (Xiamen) Co. Ltd., Xiamen, China

Tóm tắt

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin D and/or calcium supplementation on sleep quality in individuals with prediabetes. A 24-week randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in a 212 Chinese population with prediabetes. Participants were randomly assigned to four groups: vitamin D + calcium group (1600 IU/day + 500 mg/day, n = 53), vitamin D group (1600 IU/day, n = 54), calcium group (500 mg/day, n = 51), and control group (placebo, n = 54). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used as the primary outcome to assess sleep quality. Questionnaires and fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and post-intervention for demographic assessment and correlation index analysis. After a 24-week intervention, a significant difference was observed in serum 25(OH)D concentration among the four groups (P < 0.05), and the total PSQI score in vitamin D + calcium group was lower compared to the preintervention levels. Subgroup analyses revealed improved sleep quality with calcium supplementation (P < 0.05) for specific groups, including women, individuals with a low baseline 25(OH)D level (< 30 ng/mL), and individuals in menopause. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between the extent of change in sleep efficiency scores before and after the calcium intervention and the degree of change in insulin efficiency scores (r = − 0.264, P = 0.007), as well as the magnitude of change in islet beta cell function (r = − 0.304, P = 0.002). The combined intervention of vitamin D and calcium, as well as calcium interventions alone, exhibits substantial potential for improving sleep quality in individuals with prediabetes. The trial was registered in August 2019 as ChiCTR190002487.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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