Inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases

Immunology - Tập 129 Số 2 - Trang 154-169 - 2010
Sandra Amor1,2, Fabìola Puentes2, David Baker2, Paul van der Valk1
1Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Centre De Boelelaan, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
2Neuroimmunology Unit, Queen Mary University of London, Neuroscience Centre, Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK

Tóm tắt

Summary Neurodegeneration, the slow and progressive dysfunction and loss of neurons and axons in the central nervous system, is the primary pathological feature of acute and chronic neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, neurotropic viral infections, stroke, paraneoplastic disorders, traumatic brain injury and multiple sclerosis. Despite different triggering events, a common feature is chronic immune activation, in particular of microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system. Apart from the pathogenic role of immune responses, emerging evidence indicates that immune responses are also critical for neuroregeneration. Here, we review the impact of innate and adaptive immune responses on the central nervous system in autoimmune, viral and other neurodegenerative disorders, and discuss their contribution to either damage or repair. We also discuss potential therapies aimed at the immune responses within the central nervous system. A better understanding of the interaction between the immune and nervous systems will be crucial to either target pathogenic responses, or augment the beneficial effects of immune responses as a strategy to intervene in chronic neurodegenerative diseases.

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Immunology

Tập 129 Số 2

154-169

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