Bone, Inflammation, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
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Tài liệu tham khảo
•• Oostlander AE et al. Dutch Initiative on Crohn and Colitis (ICC). Histomorphometric analysis reveals reduced bone mass and bone formation in patients with quiescent Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology. 2011;140(1): 116–23. This study identifies that bone loss occurs even before clinically significant bowel disease has occurred, implicating chronic inflammation as the earliest cause for metabolic bone disease in IBD.
•• Miheller P et al. Changes of OPG and RANKL concentrations in Crohn’s disease after infliximab therapy. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2007;13(11):1379–84. This study demonstrates that IBD treatment targeted at inflammatory cytokines can alter bone metabolism favorably, thereby establishing inflammation as a cause for bone loss.
• Bernstein M, Irwin S, Greenberg GR. Maintenance infliximab treatment is associated with improved bone mineral density in Crohn's disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005;100(9):2031–5. This study corroborates inflammation as a major cause of bone disease in IBD, and its reversal with blocking TNF-α with infliximab.