Balancing high yields and low N2O emissions from greenhouse vegetable fields with large water and fertilizer input: a case study of multiple-year irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer regimes

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 483 - Trang 131-152 - 2022
Wuhan Ding1,2, Guilong Zhang1, Haikuan Xie2, Naijie Chang2, Jing Zhang2,3, Jianfeng Zhang2, Guichun Li4, Hu Li2
1Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, China
2Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
3Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
4Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China

Tóm tắt

Greenhouse vegetable production is commonly associated with substantial nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, low nitrogen (N)and irrigation water use efficiency (NUE and IWUE) due to excess N input and frequent flooding irrigation, so it is crucial to develop irrigation and fertilization strategies to alleviate N2O emissions while ensuring vegetable productivity. An experiment spanning three crop rotations of cucumber and celery in a greenhouse was conducted in North China Plain (NCP). It included four treatments, i.e., no N fertilizer (CK), farmers' conventional fertilization (FP), conventional fertilization rate with drip fertigation (FPD), and reduced N fertilizer rate with drip fertigation (RFPD). The mean annual area-scaled, yield-scaled N2O emissions and direct N2O emission factors (EFd) of FP were 36 kg N ha−1, 175 g N t−1 and 1.3%, respectively. FPD significantly reduced N2O emissions by over 25% (both in area- and yield-scaled), enhanced IWUE by 37%, and had no significant negative effects on vegetable yield or NUE. RFPD also significantly mitigated both area- and yield-scaled N2O emissions by about 45%, improved IWUE by 40% and NUE by 25%, while maintaining vegetable yield. Quadratic curves were fitted to the boundary points of ln-transformed N2O emissions against soil temperature and water-filled pore space (WFPS), with the maximum N2O losses occurring at 19.5 ℃ or 68%. N2O emissions responded to IWUE and NUEs following an exponential (R2 = 0.71, P < 0.001) and a linear-plateau model (R2 = 0.67, P < 0.001), respectively. Drip irrigation with reduced N fertilizer rate is a suitable agronomic practice to simultaneously mitigate N2O emissions and improve both IWUE and NUE while maintaining vegetable yield from typical greenhouse cucumber-celery fields in NCP.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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