Unearthing Neanderthal population history using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from cave sediments

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) - Tập 372 Số 6542 - 2021
Benjamin Vernot1, Elena I. Zavala1, Asier Gómez‐Olivencia2,3,4, Zenobia Jacobs5,6, Viviane Slon7,1,8, Fabrizio Mafessoni1, Frédéric Romagné1, A. Neil Pearson1, Martin Petr1, Nohemi Sala2,9, Adrián Pablos2,9, Arantza Aranburu3,4, José Marı́a Bermúdez de Castro9, Eudald Carbonell10,11, Bo Li5,6, Maciej T. Krajcarz12, A. Krivoshapkin13,14, Kseniya Kolobova13, М.B. Kozlikin13, M.V. Shunkov13, А. П. Деревянко13, Bence Viola15, Steffi Grote1, Elena Essel1, David López Herráez1, Sarah Nagel1, Birgit Nickel1, Julia Richter1, Anna Schmidt1, Benjamin M. Peter1, Janet Kelso1, Richard G. Roberts5,6, Juan Luís Arsuaga2,16, Matthias Meyer1
1Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
2Centro Mixto UCM-ISCIII de Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Madrid, Spain
3Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco-Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.
4Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
5Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
6Centre for Archaeological Science, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
7Department of Anatomy and Anthropology and Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
8The Dan David Center for Human Evolution and Biohistory Research, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel.
9Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain
10Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
11Àrea de Prehistòria, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
12Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
13Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
14Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
15Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
16Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Tóm tắt

The value of dirty DNA Environmental DNA can identify the presence of species, even from the distant past. Surveying three cave sites in western Europe and southern Siberia, Vernot et al. identified nuclear DNA and confirmed that it is from the close relatives of anatomically modern humans—Neanderthal and Denisovan individuals. A phylogenetic analysis and modeling show that the DNA in sediment samples from several layers corresponds to previously studied skeletal remains. These results demonstrate that environmental data can be applied to study the population genetics of the extinct Neanderthal and Denisovan lineages, identifying a turnover of Neanderthal populations ∼100,000 years ago. Science , this issue p. eabf1667

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American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Tập 372 Số 6542

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