Parent–child relationship, temperament, and physiological reactions to fear-inducing film clips: Further evidence for differential susceptibility

Aiken, 1991 Ainsworth, 1978 Bakermans-Kranenburg, 2006, Gene–environment interaction of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) and observed maternal insensitivity predicting externalizing behavior in preschoolers, Developmental Psychobiology, 48, 406, 10.1002/dev.20152 Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J., & Van IJzendoorn, M.H. (in press). Genetic vulnerability or differential susceptibility in child development: The case of attachment. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. Bar-Haim, 2007, Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals: A meta-analytic study, Psychological Bulletin, 133, 1, 10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.1 Bearden, 2006, Endophenotypes for psychiatric disorders: Ready for primetime?, Trends in Genetics, 22, 306, 10.1016/j.tig.2006.04.004 Belsky, 1997, Theory testing, effect-size evaluation, and differential susceptibility to rearing influence: The case of mothering and attachment, Child Development, 68, 598, 10.2307/1132110 Belsky, 2005, Differential susceptibility to rearing influence: An evolutionary hypothesis and some evidence, 139 Berntson, 1991, Autonomic determinism: The modes of autonomic control, the doctrine of autonomic space, and the laws of autonomic constraint, Psychological Review, 98, 459, 10.1037/0033-295X.98.4.459 Biringen, 2000, Adult Attachment Interview: Linkages with dimensions of emotional availability for mothers and their pre-kindergarteners, Attachment and Human Development, 2, 188, 10.1080/14616730050085554 Biringen, Z., Robinson, J.L., & Emde, R.N. (1998). Appendix B: The Emotional Availability Scales (3rd ed., an abridged infancy/early childhood version). Attachment & Human Development, 2, 256–271. Bokhorst, 2003, The importance of shared environment in mother–infant attachment security: A behavioral genetic study, Child Development, 74, 1769, 10.1046/j.1467-8624.2003.00637.x Boomsma, 1992, The Dutch Twin Register: Growth data on weight and height, Behavior Genetics, 22, 247, 10.1007/BF01067004 Boyce, 2005, Biological sensitivity to context: I. An evolutionary–developmental theory of the origins and functions of stress reactivity, Development & Psychopathology, 17, 271, 10.1017/S0954579405050145 Bretherton, 2000, Emotional availability: An attachment perspective, Attachment and Human Development, 2, 233, 10.1080/14616730050085581 Bretherton, 1990, Assessing internal working models of attachment relationships: An Attachment Story Completion Task for 3-year-olds, 87 Cassidy, 1988, Child–mother attachment and the self in six-year-olds, Child Development, 59, 121, 10.2307/1130394 Christie, 2004, Autonomic specificity of discrete emotion and dimensions of affective space: A multivariate approach, International Journal of Psychophysiology, 51, 143, 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2003.08.002 Dearing, 2006, Contemporary advances and classic advice for analyzing mediating and moderating variables, Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 71, 88 Easterbrooks, 2000, Infancy predictors of emotional availability in middle childhood: The roles of attachment security and maternal depressive symptomatology, Attachment and Human Development, 2, 170, 10.1080/14616730050085545 El-Sheikh, 2007, Children’s skin conductance level and reactivity: Are these measures stable over time and across tasks?, Developmental Psychobiology, 49, 180, 10.1002/dev.20171 Fowles, 1981, Committee report: Publication recommendations for electrodermal measurements, Psychophysiology, 18, 232, 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1981.tb03024.x Fowles, 2000, Temperament as a moderator of pathways to conscience in children: The contribution of electrodermal activity, Psychophysiology, 37, 788, 10.1111/1469-8986.3760788 Fox, 1999, Psychophysiological measures in the study of attachment, 226 Fox, 2007, Plasticity for affective neurocircuitry: How the environment affects gene expression, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16, 1, 10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00464.x Gallagher, 2002, Does child temperament moderate the influence of parenting on adjustment?, Developmental Review, 22, 623, 10.1016/S0273-2297(02)00503-8 Gilissen, 2007, Physiological reactions of preschoolers to fear-inducing film clips: Effects of temperamental fearfulness and quality of the parent–child relationship, Developmental Psychobiology, 49, 187, 10.1002/dev.20188 Groot, P.F.C., de Geus, E.J.C., & de Vries, J. (1998). Ambulatory Monitoring System: User manual, version 1.2 (AMS device 36xx). Amsterdam: Department of Psychophysiology, Vrije University. Klein Velderman, 2006, Effects of attachment-based interventions on maternal sensitivity and infant attachment: Differential susceptibility of highly reactive infants, Journal of Family Psychology, 20, 266, 10.1037/0893-3200.20.2.266 Kochanska, 2007, Children’s fearfulness as a moderator of parenting in early socialization: Two longitudinal studies, Developmental Psychology, 43, 222, 10.1037/0012-1649.43.1.222 Lenssens, M. (Director). (2000). Tik Tak 15, de regenbooghond en andere verhalen [film]. Holland, The Netherlands: Weton–Wesgram. Marsden, P. (Producer). (2000). Dinosaur [film]. Burbank, CA: Walt Disney Pictures. Oppenheim, 1997, The attachment doll-play interview for preschoolers, International Journal of Behavioral Development, 20, 681, 10.1080/016502597385126 Osborn, 1971, Emotional reactions of young children to TV violence, Child Development, 42, 321, 10.2307/1127086 Page, 2001, The social meaning of children’s narratives: A review of the attachment-based narrative story stem technique, Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 18, 171, 10.1023/A:1011006402275 Porges, 2003, Social engagement and attachment: A phylogenetic perspective, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1008, 31, 10.1196/annals.1301.004 Rothbart, 1994, Temperament and social behavior in childhood, Merrill–Palmer Quarterly, 40, 21 Seifer, 1992, Child and family factors that ameliorate risk between 4 years and 13 years of age, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 893, 10.1097/00004583-199209000-00018 Solomon, 1999, The measurement of attachment security in infancy and childhood, 287 Suomi, 1997, Early determinants of behaviour: Evidence from primate studies, British Medical Bulletin, 53, 170, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a011598 Tabachnick, 2001 Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology in collaboration with the North American Society of Pacing Electrophysiology. (1996). Heart rate variability: Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Circulation, 93, 1043–1065. Thayer, 2000, A model of neurovisceral integration in emotion regulation and dysregulation, Journal of Affective Disorders, 61, 201, 10.1016/S0165-0327(00)00338-4 Valkenburg, 2002, Kijkwijzer: The Dutch rating system for audiovisual productions, Communications: The European Journal of Communication Research, 27, 79, 10.1515/comm.27.1.79 Van IJzendoorn, 2006, DRD4 7-repeat polymorphism moderates the association between maternal unresolved loss or trauma and infant disorganization, Attachment and Human Development, 8, 291, 10.1080/14616730601048159 Vaughn, 1990, Attachment behavior at home and in the laboratory: Q-sort observations and Strange Situation classifications of one-year-olds, Child Development, 61, 1965, 10.2307/1130850 Verschueren, K., & Marcoen, A. (1994). Test met gehechtheidsverhalen classificatiesysteem: Aanpassing van de Doll Stories Completion Task van Cassidy (1986) [Adaptation of the Doll Stories Completion Task of Cassidy (1986)]. Unpublished manual, Center for Developmental Psychology, Catholic University of Leuven. Verschueren, 1999, Representation of self and socioemotional competence in kindergartners: Differential and combined effects of attachment to mother and to father, Child Development, 70, 183, 10.1111/1467-8624.00014 Verschueren, 1996, The internal working model of the self, attachment, and competence in five-year-olds, Child Development, 67, 2493, 10.2307/1131636 Ziv, 2000, Emotional availability in the mother–infant dyad as related to the quality of infant–mother attachment relationship, Attachment and Human Development, 2, 149, 10.1080/14616730050085536