Alkaloid and flavonoid rich fractions of fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) with antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects

Ajabnoor, 1998, Effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum on blood glucose levels in normal and alloxan-diabetic mice, J. Ethnopharmacol., 22, 45, 10.1016/0378-8741(88)90229-2 Bhalke, 2009, Antinociceptive activity of Trigonella foenum-graecum leaves and seeds (Fabaceae), Iran. J. Phamacol. Therap., 8, 57 Biswal, 2003, Antinociceptive activity of seeds of Trigonella foenum graecum in rats, Ind. J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 47, 479 Chauhan, 2010, Pharmacognostic, preliminary phytochemical studies and anticancerous potential of Trigonella foenum-graecum, Pharm. Sci. Manitor., 2, 350 Damas, 1985, Pro-inflammatory flavonoids which are inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis, Prosta. Leukotr. Med., 19, 11, 10.1016/0262-1746(85)90157-X Darland, 1998, Orphanin FQ/nociception: a role in pain and analgesia, but so much more, Trends Neurosci., 21, 215, 10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01204-6 Dubuisson, 1977, The formalin test: a quantitative study of the analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine, and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats, Pain, 4, 161, 10.1016/0304-3959(77)90130-0 Formica, 1995, Review of the biology of quercetin and related bioflavonoids, Food Chem. Toxicol., 33, 1061, 10.1016/0278-6915(95)00077-1 Garcia-Pastor, 1999, Effects of petrosaspongiolide M, a novel phospholipase A2 inhibitor, on acute and chronic inflammation, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 289, 166 Kawabata, 2011, Anti-inflammatory and antimelanogenic steroidal saponin glycosides from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds, Planta Med., 77, 705, 10.1055/s-0030-1250477 Malviya, 2010, Evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential of Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fenugreek) seed extract by using carrageenan induced rat paw edema, Drug Inventory Today, 2, 109 Matsumoto, 2005, Antinociception, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms induced by 7-hydroxymitragynine, an alkaloid from the Thai medicinal herb Mitragyna speciosa, Life Sci., 78, 2, 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.10.086 Miguel, 2002, Antinociceptive activity of the natural piperidine alkaloid hydrochlorides from Syphocampylus verticellatus, J. Biosciences., 57, 81 Moroney, 1988, Selectivity of neutrophil 5-lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase inhibition by an anti-inflammatory flavonoid glycoside and related aglycone flavonoids, J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 40, 787, 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1988.tb05173.x Nijveldt, 2001, Flavonoids: a review of probable mechanisms of action and potential applications, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 47, 418, 10.1093/ajcn/74.4.418 Pandian, 2002, Gastroprotective effect of fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-graecum) on experimental gastric ulcer in rats, J. Ethnopharmacol., 81, 393, 10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00117-4 Posadas, 2004, Carrageenan-induced mouse paw oedema is biphasic, age-weight dependent and displays differential nitric oxide cyclooxygenase-2 expression, Br. J. Pharmacol., 142, 331, 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705650 Reanmongkol, 2005, Antinociceptive activity of the alkaloid extract from Kopsia macrophylla leaves in mice, Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol., 27, 509w Saddi, 2000, The formalin test in the mouse: a parametric analysis of scoring properties, Pain, 89, 53, 10.1016/S0304-3959(00)00348-1 Saddi, 2000, The formalin test in the mouse: a parametric analysis of scoring properties, Pain, 89, 53, 10.1016/S0304-3959(00)00348-1 Sharififar, 2009, In vivo evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of topical preparations from Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seeds in a cream base, Iran. J. Pharm. Sci., 5, 157 Sharififar, 2012, Study of antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of certain Iranian medicinal plants, J. Int. Ethnopharmacol., 1, 19, 10.5455/jice.20120227104636 Sharma, 1990, Effects of fenugreek seeds on blood glucose and serum lipid in type І diabetes, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 44, 301 Tjolsen, 1992, The formalin test: an evaluation of the method, Pain, 51, 5, 10.1016/0304-3959(92)90003-T Trease, 1983 Vasudevan, 2007, Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Thepesia populnea bark extrac, J. Ethnopharmacol., 109, 264, 10.1016/j.jep.2006.07.025 Vyas, 2008, Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Trigonella foenum-graecum (seed) extract, Acta Pol. Pharm., 65, 473 Yoshimoto, 1983, Flavonoids: potent inhibitors of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase, Biochem. Biophys. Res., 116, 612, 10.1016/0006-291X(83)90568-5