Endogenous pro‐resolving and anti‐inflammatory lipid mediators: a new pharmacologic genus
Tóm tắt
Complete resolution of an acute inflammatory response and its return to homeostasis are essential for healthy tissues. Here, we overview ongoing efforts to characterize cellular and molecular mechanisms that govern the resolution of self‐limited inflammation. Systematic temporal analyses of evolving inflammatory exudates using mediator lipidomics‐informatics, proteomics, and cellular trafficking with murine resolving exudates demonstrate novel endogenous pathways of local‐acting mediators that share both anti‐inflammatory and pro‐resolving properties. In murine systems, resolving‐exudate leukocytes switch their phenotype to actively generate new families of mediators from major omega‐3 fatty acids EPA and DHA termed resolvins and protectins. Recent advances on their biosynthesis and actions are reviewed with a focus on the E‐series resolvins (RvE1, RvE2), D series resolvins (RvD1, RvD2) and the protectins including
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